Gang groomed and abused teenagers

Police had members of the gang under surveillance

Tom Symonds explains the background to the case

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A gang of men from Derby has been convicted of systematically grooming and sexually abusing teenage girls.

Many of the victims were given alcohol or drugs before being forced to have sex in cars, rented houses or hotels across the Midlands.

One girl described a sexual assault involving at least eight men.

The nine men were convicted during three separate trials, culminating in the convictions at Leicester Crown Court of the two ringleaders.

Reporting restrictions had been in place until the end of the third trial.

Twenty-seven girls came forward to say they had been victims, the youngest of whom was 12 and the oldest was 18. Convictions have been achieved for 15 of those.

Mohammed Liaqat and Abid SaddiqueLiaqat and Saddique were said to be the leaders of the gang

Abid Mohammed Saddique, 27, and Mohammed Romaan Liaqat, 28 – both married with children – were said to be the leaders of the gang.

Saddique, of Northumberland Street, Normanton, Derby, was convicted of four counts of rape as well as two counts of false imprisonment, two of sexual assault, three charges of sexual activity with a child, perverting the course of justice, and aiding and abetting rape.

Liaqat, of Briar Lea Close, Sinfin, Derby, was found guilty of one count of rape, two of sexual assault, aiding and abetting rape, affray, and four counts of sexual activity with a child.

Both pleaded guilty to causing a person under the age of 18 to be involved in pornography.

They will be sentenced on 7 January.

Derbyshire Police said they believed no money changed hands between those involved, and said such instances of abuse were a growing problem in the UK.

Detectives said it had been the most horrendous case of sexual exploitation they had ever faced.

“We are shocked by the scale of abuse we have uncovered and the impact it has had on the girls who were the victims of these callous men”

Det Insp Sean Dawson

The undercover investigation by Derbyshire Police, Operation Retriever, was split into three trials which have run since February.

Speaking after the hearing, Det Insp Sean Dawson said: “These convictions have brought an end to a lengthy and complex investigation that has been brought to court thanks to the bravery of the victims in this case.

“These two men are predatory sex offenders who, with their associates, have systematically abused and raped teenage girls.

“We are shocked by the scale of abuse we have uncovered and the impact it has had on the girls who were the victims of these callous men.

“Child sex exploitation is something that parents and carers across the country should be aware of.

“Parents and carers should talk to their children, take an interest in what they are doing and warn them not to go off with strangers, no matter how tempting it might seem.”

Thirteen men were charged in relation to Operation Retriever and 11 stood trial for a string of charges, not all sexual, relating to the case.

Of the original 13, a total of nine have been convicted of offences against vulnerable girls ranging from rape to false imprisonment.

Mohammed Rehman, Akshay Kumar, Faisal Mehmood

Other defendants have already been sentenced for their offences

Victim groomed by ‘evil’ sex gang Rape gang ‘targeted children’

Other defendants already convicted and sentenced were: Akshay Kumar, 38, he admitted one count of causing a person under the age of 18 to be involved in pornography and was jailed for two years and 10 months.

Faisal Mehmood, 24, pleaded guilty to sexual activity with a child before trial and was jailed for three years. He has now been deported to Pakistan.

Mohammed Imran Rehman, 26, was jailed for seven-and-a-half years after being found guilty of rape, while Graham Blackham, 26, was given a three-year sentence after he was convicted of two counts of breaching a sexual offences prevention order.

Liaqat’s brother Naweed Liaqat, 33, and Farooq Ahmed, 28, pleaded guilty to perverting the course of justice and were both jailed for 18 months.

Ziafat Yasin, 31, was cleared of sex charges but pleaded guilty to being concerned in the supply of cocaine. He was jailed for three years.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Netanyahu clarifies Castro praise

US Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (left) and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (right)Ileana Ros-Lehtinen was apparently annoyed by Benjamin Netanyahu’s response to Fidel Castro
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Israel’s prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu has phoned a Republican congresswoman in the US to clarify his praise of remarks by former Cuban leader Fidel Castro.

Mr Castro had criticised the Iranian president’s denial of the Holocaust in a September interview in The Atlantic.

Mr Netanyahu welcomed that criticism for its “deep understanding”.

But Cuban-born US Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtinen urged Mr Netanyahu to retract his comments.

The congresswoman has long been a vocal critic of Mr Castro and she represents Florida’s 18th Congressional District, which has a large community of Cuban exiles.

Ms Ros-Lehtinen told Politico: “I just said look, this guy has been an enemy of Israel, just because he said something that a normal person would say – after 50 years of anti-Israel incitement, it’s one phrase from an old guy who doesn’t even know where he’s standing.”

But the prime minister’s office told Haaretz newspaper on Wednesday that Mr Netanyahu’s remarks “referred only to a specific article”.

Mr Netanyahu called the congresswoman when he was in the US a few weeks ago and his office said: “The prime minister made clear he hasn’t changed his position on a number of other things Castro said over the years, including over the past year, on the state of Israel.”

US relations with Cuba are still virtually non-existent, with a 50-year-old US trade embargo against the island still in place.

The Cuban leadership has often been critical of Israel’s actions, as have other leftist Latin American governments.

It is understood that Israel had seen the potential in Mr Castro’s remarks for a diplomatic raprochment between Tel Aviv and Havana.

President Shimon Peres had also welcomed Mr Castro’s remarks, writing a letter to the former Cuban leader saying the comments were “a surprising bridge between the hard reality and a new horizon.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Gove spells out schools reforms

Michael Gove MP

Michael Gove: “The government has a duty to intervene when schools are failing”

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A reform of teacher training will be at the heart of plans to overhaul what and how pupils are taught in England’s schools.

Education Secretary Michael Gove’s wide-ranging White Paper will signal a return to a traditional subjects and a push to improve discipline and teaching standards.

And he will also set schools higher baseline targets for exam results.

This means an extra 439 secondary schools could be labelled failing.

Mr Gove said England should be measuring itself against its international competitors, many of whom had been improving at a faster rate.

His schools White Paper, entitled The Importance of Teaching, to be published on Wednesday lunchtime, will set out plans to improve the quality of teacher trainees.

Research suggests good teachers are the biggest influence on children’s education and the government has already said it wants to see higher quality candidates becoming teachers.

“Head teachers have to be captains of their ships”

Michael Gove Education Secretary

So new recruits will face an aptitude test to assess their suitability for the job.

But Mr Gove said the “fun and enjoyment” had been squeezed out of the teaching profession in recent years by top-down targets and over-prescriptive policies.

He planned to free them up by reducing these and radically reducing the size of the obligatory part of the national curriculum,

Mr Gove wants to see more on the job training, with teachers training in schools rather than in theoretical college-based classes.

He told BBC Radio 4’s Today: “I would like to establish a new chain of teaching schools, like teaching hospitals, truly outstanding schools, that have excelled in the past where new recruits from university can spend time observing great teachers and being observed themselves.”

He will also encourage former members of the armed forces to retrain as teachers by funding their training.

In opposition, the Conservatives talked about the merits of people going from the military into the classroom to instil order and inspire pupils.

There will be further efforts to persuade people who have had successful careers elsewhere to go into teaching through a version of the current Teachfirst scheme, to be called Teachnext.

Mr Gove will also confirm a number of measures to enforce school discipline.

This includes honouring a long-standing promise to give head teachers the ultimate say over who they can permanently exclude from schools.

In a BBC interview, Mr Gove said: “I am clear that schools have to have control of discipline and head teachers have to be captains of their ships.

“That means that head teachers have to be free to remove disruptive pupils without that disruptive pupil being reinstated.”

Struggling schools

But he said heads would have to ensure that there was suitable provision available for them elsewhere.

He is also likely to confirm plans to give teachers anonymity when facing allegations of wrongdoing and remove the need for 24 hours notice to be given ahead of detentions.

The education secretary will also confirm plans to create a new benchmark for school achievement under what will be called an English baccalaureate.

This will mean pupils will be encouraged to take GCSEs in English, maths, a science, a modern language and a humanities subject.

He believes too many schools opt for softer subjects in a bid to boost their league table position.

Mr Gove said: “I don’t think that we should say to children just because they come from a certain background that they shouldn’t expect to have any understanding of this country’s history or learn a foreign language.”

And there will be higher baseline targets for underachievement.

Schools will be considered to be “underperforming” if fewer than 35% of pupils achieve five good GCSEs (those graded A* to C).

Currently, the level is 30% and, based on 2009 data, the change would mean 439 schools would be classed as underperforming.

Mr Gove has already announced extra funding to allow struggling schools to be taken over by successful heads.

He has also warned that he is ready to use powers enshrined in the Academies Act passed this summer to force such schools to become academies under new management.

However, those below the standard but “making good progress” would get leeway.

Mr Gove told the BBC it was “not right” to have schools where two-thirds of children were not getting five basic GCSEs.

However, shadow education secretary Andy Burnham said Mr Gove was creating a “competitive, fragmented and segregated schools system”.

“There will be winners but there will also be losers. I don’t think education has to be like that. I want to have all schools as good schools and I’m not convinced Michael Gove has a plan to make that a reality,” he said.

General secretary of the NASUWT teaching union Chris Keates said Mr Gove’s plans were a “vicious assault” on teachers’ commitment and professionalism

She added that the White Paper was history repeating itself.

“The last time the Tories were in government they left behind the worst teacher recruitment and retention crisis in history.”

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PM hints at quick return for Laws

David LawsMr Laws helped negotiate the Tory-Lib Dem coalition government deal
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David Cameron has signalled that he would like to see former Lib Dem Treasury minister David Laws make a quick return to government.

Mr Laws resigned as chief secretary in May – just weeks after the coalition was formed – after revelations about his parliamentary expenses.

Asked if he would like Mr Laws in his top ministerial team again, Mr Cameron told journalists “yes, and soon”.

Mr Laws has indicated that he would be keen on a return to office.

He told the BBC last month that “everybody wants to be in the front line”.

The Lib Dem MP was the first minister to resign after the coalition was formed.

He quit as chief secretary to the Treasury after just 16 days in the job, following reports he had claimed expenses to pay rent to his partner, the lobbyist James Lundie.

Mr Laws apologised and said he would pay back the £40,000 he had claimed.

Asked by journalists on Wednesday whether he would like to see Mr Laws back in government, Mr Cameron said: “The short answer is, yes, and soon.”

Mr Cameron did not elaborate on the statement or the possible timing of any return.

Mr Laws won praise from his Conservative colleagues for his role in coalition negotiations and his aggressive approach to tackling the budget deficit in the short time he worked alongside Chancellor George Osborne.

Mr Laws was replaced as chief secretary by Danny Alexander, one of five Lib Dem MPs in the Cabinet.

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Assange’s detention order upheld

Wikileaks founder Julian Assange at a UN panel, Geneva (5 November 2010)Mr Assange denies all the allegations, which stem from a visit to Sweden in August
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A Swedish court has rejected WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange’s appeal against a detention order in a rape case.

The appeals court upheld an earlier court order, which allows investigators to bring the 39-year old Australian into custody for questioning.

Mr Assange, who is believed to be in Britain, denies the allegations, saying they are part of a smear campaign.

Wikileaks has published confidential material relating to US military activities in Iraq and Afghanistan.

“The Svea Court of Appeal has today decided to reject Julian Assange’s appeal against the Stockholm district court decision to remand him,” the court said in a statement.

“The appeals court has to a certain extent reached different conclusions than the lower court, but considers that there is still reason for the warrant,” it said.

Mr Assange is suspected of rape, sexual molestation and unlawful coercion, which stem from a visit to Sweden in August.

A Stockholm prosecutor started an investigation shortly afterwards but the case was dropped by the chief prosecutor a day later.

In September, Sweden’s Director of Prosecution, Marianne Ny, reopened the investigation but did not request Mr Assange’s detention at the time.

An international arrest warrant was issued for Mr Assange on 20 November following the detention order decision by the Swedish district court two days earlier.

When the allegations first emerged, Mr Assange said their appearance – at a time when Wikileaks had been criticised for leaking Afghan war documents – was “deeply disturbing”.

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Gang ‘targeted children’

CCTV of teenagers being approached by men in a car in Derby CCTV images showed some of the men approaching teenage girls on the street
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It started, as many police investigations do, with a routine car check.

In Staffordshire, officers pulled over three men and were concerned to see two young teenagers with them. They had been reported missing from a care home in Derby.

It was not long before the newly created sexual exploitation unit at Derbyshire Police was alerted and Operation Retriever began.

What the officers uncovered now stands as one of the most serious cases of sexual abuse in recent times. After three separate trials, carried out in secret, nine men have been found guilty of offences ranging from rape to intimidating witnesses. Their victims totalled 27 teenage girls.

Two of the men in the car were Abid Saddique and and Mohammed Liaqat. Both had families and, it became apparent, both had secret lives.

“I was personally shocked at the scale of the abuse we uncovered”

Det Supt Debbie Platt Derbyshire Police

They were released but put under surveillance. Council CCTV camera footage given to the BBC shows their silver BMW driving around Derby after midnight looking for teenage girls.

Spotting a pair by the side of the road, they made repeated attempts to entice the girls into their car. Police later found bottles of vodka and plastic cups hidden under the seats so victims could be offered a drink.

Officers had been monitoring the live cameras, ready to step in if any girl got into the car.

On 24 April 2009 the surveillance abruptly ended when two tearful teenagers stumbled out of a Derby flat police were watching and called 999. They claimed they had been raped. The officers had not known they were there.

In statements the girls not only made forceful accusations against Siddique and Liaqat but also named other girls the pair had abused.

That became the pattern. Each victim led to more victims. Eventually police had a list of 27 teenage girls and they arrested 13 men, aged between 26 and 38.

“I will never ever understand what has made them so evil and ignorant that still to this day they think they’ve not done anything wrong”

16-year-old victim

Det Supt Debbie Platt, who led the police investigation, said: “I was personally shocked at the scale of the abuse we uncovered. It hadn’t been reported and it was happening under the radar.

“It was like a campaign of rape against children. When you see the impact these offences have had on them it is awful.”

The girls had been carefully groomed by their abusers. Typically they would meet them on the street, be invited out for a drive, a drink, a cigarette or drugs. They would be driven to a secluded area, a park, or one of the rented houses the men lived in, and forced to have sex.

Sometimes five or six men would be involved and they would video the attacks on mobile phones. The rapes were often violent, some girls were locked up to prevent them getting away. Others were thrown out of the car when their ordeal was over.

Searching one of the flats, officers found extensive forensic evidence that the rapes had taken place.

One 16-year-old victim described the grooming in a BBC interview: “There’s part of you that thinks I’ve met this lovely nice man and he’s taken me out for a lovely nice meal and there’s part of you that looks at these men like a father figure, as weird as it sounds.”

One of the gang's victims speaks to the BBC. She has been blurred so she cannot be identifiedOne of the victims described her abusers as “low-life people”

Police believe no money changed hands between the dozen or so men involved but the girls were driven around the Midlands to be raped in houses, hotels and B&Bs. It was a form of internal people trafficking now recognised to be a growing problem in the UK.

Another worrying aspect to this case is the way in which the two key offenders deliberately targeted children who seemed vulnerable.

The 16-year-old victim said they took advantage of “the fact that no-one does care”.

“I think they are low-life people,” she said. “They haven’t got any aspirations in life and I will never ever understand what has made them so evil and ignorant that still to this day they think they’ve not done anything wrong.”

One of the girls was in a care home, another with council foster parents and many were known to social services in the city.

There are now questions about why they were allowed out at night, sometimes going missing, and whether the various agencies worked well enough together to protect them.

A serious case review, similar to those following the deaths of baby Peter Connelly and Khyra Ishaq, will be published shortly.

Baby Peter died in August 2007 at his home in north London after months of abuse, while seven-year-old Khyra died in May 2008 after being being found in an emaciated condition at her home in Birmingham.

Det Supt Debbie PlattDet Supt Platt says child protection has focused on younger victims in their own homes

Many of those involved in the field of child sexual exploitation see the Derby rapes as a landmark case. The charity, Barnardo’s, which works with victims of abuse has long campaigned for better training so professionals can spot the warning signs.

The girls disappeared overnight or for several days and may have generated missing persons reports. They had older boyfriends and received repeated mobile phone calls from the abusers.

Det Supt Platt says in recent years child protection has focused on younger victims in their own homes.

“Whether the abuse is a young child within the home or a vulnerable 14-year-old outside the home, it’s still child abuse and we do need a nationally co-ordinated response to address both types of abuse,” she said.

This case came after others in Rochdale, Preston and Rotherham, where groups of Asian men had been found guilty of grooming and raping girls.

The Operation Retriever officers decline to draw conclusions from the ethnicity of the group. “Look at the sexual offenders list,” said one senior officer. “It’s mainly white men.”

But police agree these cases may suggest a willingness for abusers with shared ethnic backgrounds to work in gangs, rather than alone.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Increased longevity hits pensions

PeopleThe younger you are, the slower your life expectancy is rising

The cost of providing pensions is set to rise again because of another increase in life expectancy.

Longevity increased again in England and Wales during 2009, according to the Institute of Actuaries.

Men currently aged 65 are now expected to live an extra 0.4 years to 87.5 years, and women of the same age will live another 0.8 years to nearly 90.

The actuaries said this was due to a continued fall in mortality rates among all age groups from 18 to 102.

In 2009, death rates for these people fell by 4.4% for men and by 6.2% for women.

The further increases in longevity will add to the cost of providing pensions in both the public and private sectors.

It has been one of the key facts behind the recent decision of the government to speed up the raising of the state pension age, and to ask the former Labour minister Lord Hutton to recommend ways of cutting the cost of public sector pension schemes.

An extra year of life for a retired person typically means a pension scheme must increase its stock of assets by 3% to 4% to generate the necessary extra income.

The actuarial firm Aon Hewitt said that the latest data would add another £5bn to the cost of funding occupational pension schemes in the UK.

“Looking at the background of the past 10 years of improvement in life expectancy, this is a timely reminder of the cost of paying pensions for longer,” said the firm’s spokesman Martin Bird.

“Even though this latest increase is only slightly higher than expected it still triggers a jaw-dropping sum in liabilities.”

The figures calculated by the actuarial profession come from its long-running research project, known as the Continuous Mortality Investigation (CMI).

“It remains difficult to draw conclusions regarding the current trajectory of rates of mortality improvement”

Continous Mortality Investigation

It has taken mortality statistics supplied by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) for 2009, and applied it to data collected from life insurance companies about they customers they have insured.

Previous experience has shown that this section of society tends to live longer than people who do not have life insurance.

But the figures still illustrate the way that life expectancy has improved sharply in the past 10 years or so.

In the nine years since the year 2000, mortality rates for men have dropped by 29% and those for women by 20%.

Thus people are living considerably longer than was predicted a decade ago.

The CMI warned that one year’s data indicated only a slight further rise in longevity, which needed to be seen against the pattern of “considerable natural variation in mortality from year from year,” it said.

“The 2007 and 2008 data, in particular, had shown a slower pace of improvement than the preceding years, and it is not clear what the higher improvements in 2009 mean for the general pace of mortality change,” the CMI added.

The CMI explained that while longevity was predicted to continue increasing at least over the next 30 years, the rate at which this would happen was still very uncertain.

“It remains difficult to draw conclusions regarding the current trajectory of rates of mortality improvement,” the CMI said.

“[The] data to calendar year 2008 appeared to show a slowing down however this trend has been partially reversed by the 2009 data for males, and wholly negated for females.”

The improvement in life expectancy is greatest for those who are oldest, particularly for men aged over 80 and women aged over 70.

The current projections suggest that a man who is 100 this year will live, in average, only a further two and a quarter years.

But that is a 3.7% increase on last year’s prediction.

By contrast a man aged 20 is predicted to live on average another 70 years, to the age of 90.

That is only 0.2% longer than was estimated in 2009.

Women aged 90 are expected to live a further three and a half years on average, which is 2% more than last year.

But the improvement in life expectancy for women aged 20 has risen by just 0.3% in the past year, to just under 92 years.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

UBS in $2bn Madoff fraud lawsuit

Bernard MadoffMadoff’s clients lost billions investing in funds that were worth only a fraction of what he claimed
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Swiss bank UBS is being sued for over $2bn (£1.3bn) amid claims it concealed the Ponzi scheme of fraudster Bernard Madoff that lost clients billions.

Irving Picard – who is acting as trustee for Madoff’s victims – lodged the lawsuit against UBS and various associates at a US bankruptcy court.

The bank, which has made no comment on the charges, earned fees for promoting and administering Madoff’s funds.

Madoff was sentenced to 150 years in prison for the scheme exposed in 2008.

The fraudster claimed high and stable returns for his investment fund over many years, attracting large investments from wealthy individuals.

In reality, the fund was worth only a fraction of what he claimed, and Madoff relied on “feeder funds” – such as those managed by UBS – in order to attract new investor money that could then be used to pay out the bogus return to existing investors.

“Madoff’s scheme could not have been accomplished unless UBS had agreed not only to look the other way, but also to pretend that they were truly ensuring the existence of assets and trades when in fact they were not and never did,” said David Sheehan, a lawyer acting on behalf of the trustee, Mr Picard.

The lawsuit claims UBS and its co-defendents made approximately $80m in fees over several years from their work with Madoff.

UBS “chose to enable Madoff’s fraud for their own gain”, claimed the trustee, and the bank’s involvement gave the fraudster “an aura of legitimacy”.

The Swiss bank is not alone in being accused of complicity in the fraud.

Mr Picard has filed at least 19 other lawsuits against other feeder funds, and is seeking to recover $17.5bn in total, including the money claimed from UBS.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Killings claim in Pakistan region

Rebels in Balochistan (file pic)The mineral-rich province of Balochistan is in the grip of a 10-year insurgency
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Pakistan’s security agencies are involved in extrajudicial killings in Balochistan, the province’s chief minister says.

Sardar Aslam Raisani told the BBC some of the political killings were “definitely” by security agencies.

Human rights organisations say kidnappings and murders of political dissidents are at an all-time high in the province.

Balochistan has been at the centre of a decade-long insurgency.

The chief minister’s comments are not likely to be welcomed by Pakistan’s security agencies, which have long denied extrajudicial killings.

Mr Raisani, an influential tribal leader, is a member of the country’s ruling Pakistan People’s Party, but anti-government feeling runs high among voters in Balochistan.

“Some of the abductions and killings are definitely carried out by security agencies,” Mr Raisani told the BBC in an exclusive interview in Islamabad.

“The chief minister’s casual acceptance that the military is disappearing and possibly killing citizens is appalling”

Ali Dayan Hasan Human Rights WatchBalochistan’s disappearancesBoiling point

He also stressed that some of the deaths were the responsibility of tribesmen who have been fighting for greater political autonomy.

“They [insurgents and security agents] have been targeting each others’ activists,” he said.

Human rights campaigners said they were astounded by the chief minister’s candour.

Ali Dayan Hasan, of Human Rights Watch, told the BBC: “The chief minister’s casual acceptance that the military is disappearing and possibly killing citizens is preposterous and appalling.

“He should be seeking to hold military intelligence agencies accountable rather than appearing to give them sanction for a policy of disappearances and summary execution.”

Besides being the largest of Pakistan’s four provinces in terms of area, Balochistan is also rich in minerals.

But many of its people feel they have been systematically discriminated against by the federal government.

The province saw its first major rebellion in the 1970s, when at least 10,000 people are estimated to have died.

Rebellion erupted again in 2000, when some of the insurgent leaders returned from exile in Afghanistan.

It reached its peak in 2006, when Pakistani army troops killed veteran Baloch politician and tribal leader Nawab Akbar Bugti.

Map

Since then a crackdown has continued on insurgents across the province.

Hundreds of Baloch people have disappeared in what human rights organisations say are state-sponsored abductions.

The rebel leaders have repeatedly refused to talk to the government, despite several offers.

Some of these overtures have been from the president and prime minister.

The insurgents claim the army is really in charge and has double standards when it comes to Balochistan.

“So many people have been killed in Karachi, but is the army carrying out an operation there?” asked Ataullah Mengal, chief of the Balochistan National Party [BNP] and former chief minister of the province.

“In Balochistan, however, it’s the army and ISI [intelligence service] who are completely in control. They detain people in broad daylight.

“Later their mutilated bodies are found in ditches with the words ‘this is an Eid [Muslim festival marking end of Ramadan] gift for Balochistan’ carved on their chests.”

Mr Mengal is said to be close to the rebels; his own son was held without charge for several months by security forces.

The opposition leader and other rebel leaders say the army has spilt too much blood for them to return.

He says they will settle for nothing less than independence from Pakistan.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Uzbeks jailed over Kyrgyz clashes

An ethnic Uzbek woman cries as she passes a ruined house in Osh (June 2010)A majority of the casualties in the June violence are thought to have been Uzbeks

Seventeen ethnic Uzbeks have been jailed for life for their role in deadly clashes in southern Kyrgyzstan.

The men were convicted of mass murder and rioting. Two others were sentenced to 25 years.

Nearly 400 people died in the clashes in June between Kyrgyz and minority Uzbeks – a majority of the casualties are thought to have been Uzbeks.

Human rights activists accuse the Kyrgyz authorities of singling out ethnic Uzbeks for prosecution.

The riots followed weeks of political turmoil after the ousting of President Kurmanbek Bakiyev in a mass uprising in April.

At the trial in Suzak region, southern Kyrgyzstan, 19 defendants, all of them ethnic Uzbeks, were found guilty of mass murder and rioting.

It was one of many violent incidents that took place during a week of fighting.

A lawyer who represented four of the defendants said the judge’s decision was politically motivated and that her clients’ guilt had never been proven, the BBC’s Central Asia correspondent Rayhan Demytrie reports.

She also claimed that her clients were forced to confess under duress and that during the court hearings they denied their earlier statements.

Several lawyers who have been working on cases related to the June violence have told the BBC that they have been threatened by relatives of the victims and unknown groups of people who attend court hearings and behave aggressively.

The lawyers also claim that the relatives of the defendants are often too frightened to attend trials because they have also been subjected to physical abuse.

Human rights groups have been calling on the Kyrgyz authorities to ensure security for the defendants and lawyers at trials.

While some ethnic Kyrgyz have also been tried in cases related to the June violence, human rights organisations say that ethnic Uzbek defendants outnumber the Kyrgyz.

Since the violence the new authorities, led by President Roza Otunbayeva, have created the first parliamentary democracy in Central Asia.

Earlier this month Ms Otunbayeva denied any ethnic bias in the trials.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Facebook feeds beset with malware

Facebook login pageMalware writers are targeting social networks because of their enormous user base
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One fifth of Facebook users are exposed to malware contained in their news feeds, claim security researchers.

Security firm BitDefender said it had detected infections contained in the news feeds of around 20% of Facebook users.

By clicking on infected links in a news feed, users risk having viruses installed on their computer.

Facebook said it already had steps in place to identify and remove malware-containing links.

BitDefender arrived at its figures by analysing data from 14,000 Facebook users that had installed a security app, called safego, it makes for the social network site.

In the month since safego launched, it has analysed 17 million Facebook posts, said BitDefender.

The majority of infections were associated with apps written by independent developers, which promised enticements and rewards to trick users into installing the malware, BitDefender said.

These apps would then either install malware used for spying on users or to send messages containing adverts to the users’ contacts.

Facebook has a thriving community of independent developers who have built apps for the social network.

The vast majority enable users to tweak their Facebook pages, adding widgets, games or extra functions, such as delivering daily horoscope predictions.

Facebook said it had processes and checks in place to guard against the risk of malware.

“Once we detect a phony message, we delete all instances of that message across the site,” the site said in a statement.

Crooks have targeted social networks, such as Facebook and Twitter because of their vast number of users, said Rik Ferguson, a security researcher for anti-virus maker Trend Micro.

“Because social networks are based on a community of people you trust, they’re an attractive target for malware writers,” said Ferguson. “You’re more likely to click on a link from someone you trust.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Your ways to stay awake for the Ashes

England captain Andrew Strauss and Australian captain Ricky PointingWorth staying awake for

This year’s hotly-anticipated Ashes series between England and Australia kicks off in the small hours of Thursday morning. But the 10-hour time difference presents a problem for fanatical cricket fans.

On Tuesday, the Magazine asked a sleep expert for tips on how to stay up all night without preparation. The article prompted a wealth of alternative suggestions. Here are 15 of the best.

1. An instant pick-me-up that works for me is brushing my teeth. The combination of the physicality of brushing and the minty toothpaste always brings me round again. Mick S, Steeton, UK

2. Might I suggest getting home as soon as possible from work and getting 6 hours sleep before play begins? I’ll be making sure I get some sleep before play and probably an hour after play before work depending on how defensive the batting is. Chris, London

3. I’ve found eating fresh fruit, especially pineapple, really helps to keep me awake during a night shift. Daniel Barry, Cardiff, UK

4. Get a SAD lamp – usually for seasonal affective disorders – and have a blast for about 15 to 20 mins. I guarantee you won’t sleep. Dave Coppice, Tunbridge, UK

5. I have teething twins available for rental if anyone is struggling to stay awake all night. In fact, forget the renting… John, Dorking, UK

6. I have the Aussie leg of The Ashes down to a fine art. I start stock-piling jobs which can be done with an ear tuned to the radio about a week before. I go to bed early, set my alarm to 4am, creep downstairs so as not to wake the not-quite-so-desperate cricket fans in our house, switch on 5Live and iron/file/wash up/mop floors/put the washing on… to my heart’s content. I have to foresake the first few hours of the day’s play but it’s a great compromise. Jackie Buxton, Harrogate

7. I’m a junior doctor and the best way to stay up all night is to keep busy. Maybe combining watching the cricket with catheterising people is not possible for most though, so how about a bit of a spring clean or some baking? Alec Jones, Blandford Forum, UK

Graeme Swann flies

Ashes-a-thon: How to stay up all night

8. I find bowling a few overs around the living room with a rubber practice ball usually does the job for me during quiet spells. Sean, London, UK

9. Buy some Fisherman’s Friends or something similar, they wake the head up. Ben, Isle of Man, UK

10. Many years ago in my first job an old former merchant navy sailor told me the trick to staying awake and alert during the long night watch was to go and have a shave when tiredness set in. Randal Harkin, Melbourne, Australia

11. I find the best way to keep going during “the slump” between three and five is to have a shower. It refreshes you mentally as well as physically. David Byrne, Leicester, UK

12. I am a shift worker and have been for the past four years. The best thing I have found to help me is talking with friends or family. Either face-to-face, on the phone, or with friends on the other side of the world. Sid, Reading, UK

13. How to stay awake? My wife gave birth to our daughter 10 days ago and I’ve not slept a night since. This technique does however take around nine months of planning, so perhaps one to remember for when we go back to defend the urn. Paul, Gloucester, UK

14. Good results drive wakefulness, so I expect most Poms will be tucked up in their beds getting a good night’s sleep after the first day or so. Glen Tara, Sydney, Australia

15. I actually use cricket as an insomnia cure so will only be putting it on if I CAN’T get to sleep! David G, Oldbury, UK

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.