No jail over abandoned blind girl

Kate Harper

A woman who admitted leaving a disabled six-year-old girl outside overnight in freezing temperatures has been told she will not face a prison sentence.

Kate Harper, 26, left the child, who is blind and deaf, strapped in her pram in Kingspark, Glasgow, last November.

Glasgow Sheriff Court heard the girl suffered hypothermia and almost died.

Sheriff Kenneth Mitchell said Harper’s behaviour was an isolated crime and deferred sentence for three months to allow her to show good behaviour.

The court was told that Harper attended a party on Bonfire night (5 November) which turned into a late-night drinking session.

When she took the youngster back to her house she realised she had forgotten her keys and abandoned the girl outside.

She headed back to collect the keys but instead of returning with them went to sleep in her sister’s house.

The court heard that the girl, who cannot be named for legal reasons, was discovered just before 0830 GMT on 6 November.

A bus driver and classroom assistant arrived to take her to school, where she receives supported learning.

They saw the pram, which had tipped over, and noticed that the child was in it with her face pressed against the stone stairs outside the house. She was shivering and her lips were blue.

As paramedics later treated the girl, Harper was spotted walking down the street from her sister’s house.

Police officers spoke to her, and she told them she had very little recollection of what had happened the night before.

She was taken to Aikenhead Road police office and later admitted to abandoning the girl.

‘Reckless conduct’

The youngster was taken to Yorkhill Hospital where doctors treated her for hypothermia and bruising from the straps of the pram.

At an earlier hearing, Harper admitted culpable and reckless conduct by abandoning the girl outside her home.

Appearing for sentencing, Sheriff Mitchell told Harper that her conduct was "wholly unacceptable and reprehensible".

The sheriff said: "It is accepted that the accused’s culpable and reckless conduct on this occasion caused this very disabled child distress, injury, hypothermia and endangered her life.

"Miss Harper drank far too much and, as a result, she was culpably reckless in regard to her responsibilities towards this child.

"But I am satisfied that this very serious crime can be properly regarded as an isolated one.

"I therefore consider that the proper course is to defer sentence for a short period of three months to enable the accused to demonstrate her continued good behaviour."

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S Lanka general denies incitement

Sarath Fonseka

Defeated Sri Lankan presidential candidate Gen Sarath Fonseka has for the first time appeared before a civilian court to deny inciting unrest.

He is alleged to have said in a newspaper interview last year that the defence secretary ordered the killing of surrendering Tamil rebels.

The general appeared before Colombo magistrates to protest his innocence.

He said he had been misquoted by the newspaper and that the case was part of an attempt to silence him.

He is accused of saying that Defence Secretary Gotabhaya Rajapaksa – who is the brother of President Mahinda Rajapaksa – ordered the killings of Tamil rebels who surrendered during last year’s military offensive against the group.

‘Frivolous case’

Gen Fonseka is in military custody and faces separate court martial charges of engaging in politics while in uniform and overseeing corrupt arms procurements.

Gen Fonseka has filed several petitions in higher courts challenging his arrest in February, 12 days after he failed to unseat President Rajapaksa in elections.

The general led the military offensive which resulted in the elimination of the separatist Tamil Tiger leadership in May last year.

It effectively ended 37 years of ethnic conflict which had claimed up to 100,000 lives.

But Gen Fonseka fell out with the president and his brother over who should take the most credit for the victory.

"It is ironic that the man who was hailed a national hero for crushing Tamil Tigers is being brought before court exactly a year later," said Gen Fonseka’s lawyer, Nalin Laduwahetty. "This is a frivolous case."

The judge adjourned the hearing until 26 May.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Dud shows quiz

7 questions on theatre flops

The West End hit Enron has closed on Broadway after only 15 performances and heavy criticism from reviewers.It’s not the first production to be mortally wounded by the critics. Did you see any of the others in our quiz? Probably not…

Enron on Broadway

1.) Multiple Choice Question

These shows all closed on their opening night on Broadway. But which one “would insult the intelligence of an audience consisting entirely of amoebas”, according to the New Yorker?

Broadway, New YorkMoose Murders
Oldest Living Confederate Widow Tells All
Glory Days

2.) Multiple Choice Question

After which West End show did critic Charles Spencer say it went on so long that he feared he had missed the 2012 Olympics?

London 2012 logoBehind the Iron Mask (2005)
Wilde (2004)
Gone With The Wind (2008)

3.) Multiple Choice Question

The Broadway comedy Bobbi Boland, starring Farah Fawcett, closed at which stage in its run?

Farah FawcettDuring previews
On opening night
Between its first matinee and evening shows

4.) Multiple Choice Question

Success on screen does not always translate to the stage. One producer of a Broadway musical shut it down because he said it made for “an excruciatingly boring evening”. Which show?

Carrie
Sissy Spacek in Carrie filmBreakfast at Tiffany’s
Audrey Hepburn in Breakfast at Tiffany's filmFrankenstein
Frankenstein

5.) Multiple Choice Question

Fields of Ambrosia allegedly picked out the word “good” from a bad review to promote itself. What did it actually say?

Theatre“Good for insomniacs”
“Any sense of good taste, or indeed morality, surgically removed”
“Light escapism is what good musicals do well. This is not a good musical”

6.) Multiple Choice Question

Which of the following Broadway flops lasted the longest?

StageHome Sweet Homer
High Fidelity
Aspects of Love

7.) Multiple Choice Question

A critical mauling is not always fatal. Which musical was savaged – with one reviewer describing it as “trite and tacky” – but had the last laugh?

Les Miserables
Les MiserablesWe Will Rock You
Freddie Mercury of QueenBlood Brothers
Blood Brothers

Answers

It’s Moose Murders, which suffered the ignominy in 1983 and now has cult status.It’s Gone With The Wind, three hours and 40 minutes long, which closed in June 2008 after less than 80 performances. The play about Oscar Wilde survived only one night, and Behind the Iron Mask less than three weeks.It closed during previews in 2003. The producer said the play was better suited to intimate off-Broadway venues. The late Fawcett was honoured at TV awards in Los Angeles last month.It’s Breakfast at Tiffany’s, which never made it past previews in 1966. Carrie, based on the Stephen King novel, lasted 16 shows in 1988, but at great expense. And Frankenstein only played one official performance after 29 previews in 1981.The critic said it seemed “as if everyone has had any sense of good taste, or indeed morality, surgically removed”. The show closed after 23 London performances in 1996. In 2007, the EU clamped down on theatres misquoting reviews.Aspects of Love lasted 11 months but lost millions, prompting the New York Times to call it “perhaps the biggest flop in Broadway history”. High Fidelity could not replicate the novel’s success, closing after two weeks. Home Sweet Homer, starring Yul Brunner, lasted only one night.It’s We Will Rock You, written by Ben Elton and using the music of Queen. After seven years, it is still performing in London and has been staged in more than a dozen other countries. Les Miserables and Blood Brothers also proved some critics wrong.

Your Score

0 – 3 : Turkey

4 – 6 : Fluffed lines

7 – 7 : Standing ovation

For a complete archive of past quizzes, including the Curriculum tests and our weekly news quiz 7 days 7 questions, visit the Magazine index and scroll down the page.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Lasers scan future possibilities

Laser (University of Strathclyde)

Lasers have already had a profound impact on our daily lives but the potential of the technology has only just been tapped, scientists believe.

Sunday marks the 50th anniversary of the first demonstration of a ruby laser at the Hughes Research Labs in the US.

The light beams have since found myriad uses, from scanning shop prices to trying to sense the ripples in space-time made by colliding black holes.

Researchers say the coming decades will see even more remarkable progress.

"The laser gave a capability over previous light sources that was just so immense that you simply can’t digest and exhaust all that in the matter of a few decades," said David Hanna, emeritus professor at the Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, UK.

"People have to use their imagination about what amazing and crazy things can be done with all that capability," he told BBC News.

There is debate over which key technological step made the laser possible, but Theodore Maiman’s success in stimulating a ruby rod to produce an intense narrow beam of light by shining a flash lamp on it was an undoubted landmark.

There had been a race to demonstrate "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation" (Laser), and Maiman beat everyone to it on 16 May, 1960.

At the time, the technology was said to be the classic "solution looking for a problem", but its ability to direct a powerful stream of energy from one location to another soon opened up a world of possibilities.

Anyone who scans a tin of beans at the checkout is using a laser. Anyone who listens to music on a CD is using a laser to read data stored on a disc. Anyone who sends an e-mail is reliant on the lasers that drive the world’s fibre optic communications networks. Anyone who gets into a car is sitting in a box that owes its construction to lasers.

"There is a phenomenal amount of laser processing on a car; you wouldn’t believe how much – laser cutting, marking, measurement, drilling, hardening, laser brazing, laser deposition, and laser welding," explained Tim Holt, the chief executive of the Institute of Photonics, University of Strathclyde.

"Modern cars today would not be possible without lasers."

The worldwide market in lasers is worth some $5-7bn annually. Most of that value is in lasers sold to manufacturing outlets for use in material processing, but the two other key markets are lasers for use in communications systems and in data storage.

But as much as lasers have infiltrated our everyday world, there is still much more they could do, scientists believe.

There is hope lasers could provide us with a near-limitless supply of clean power.

Laser cutting (SPL)

In the US, the National Ignition Facility will soon train 192 giant laser beams on a tiny pellet of hydrogen fuel in an attempt to fuse the element to make helium, and so release a colossal amount of energy – much like the Sun does at its core.

In Europe, researchers want to take this approach forward in a project known as HiPER that would be the prototype power station of the future.

"It’s possible to use lasers to crush and heat material to temperatures that are 10 times hotter than at the centre of the Sun," says Dr Kate Lancaster from the UK’s Central Laser Facility in Didcot.

"A standard laser pointer is about a milliwatt; we’ll be approaching a petawatt – 10 million million times more powerful than a standard lightbulb.

"Fusion would be immensely efficient but it’s extremely hard to do. Ever since Maiman demonstrated his laser, however, people have realised that this technique should be possible."

In astronomy, lasers are already used to sharpen the images of the world’s very best telescopes. By projecting a "reference star" on the sky, scientists can work out how to correct their observations for the distortions introduced by atmospheric turbulence.

Laser fibre (Southampton University)

But lasers are also pioneering a completely new form of astronomy, one that attempts to probe the Universe without the need to detect light. These laser interferometers would measure the disturbances in the very fabric of space-time generated every time massive stars imploded.

Such gravitational waves are extremely weak, however, and only lasers have the precision to measure their passing. If the technique works, it should be possible to see remnant gravitational radiation from the very moment of creation itself.

And in medicine, too, the possibilities seem boundless. Lasers can be used to manipulate atoms and molecules, "to unfold proteins and tickle DNA", says Dr Lancaster.

"Lasers can accelerate particles to high energy and we can use that to treat cancer," she adds.

"At the moment, with the way we treat cancer with radiation, photons travel into the body and they deposit energy in healthy tissue as well as at the cancer site.

"Whereas when protons and ions travel into the body, they will deposit most of their energy only at the very end of their range. So we can use lasers to tune protons to deposit their energy just within the tumour site."

Keck guide star (W.M.Keck/A.Contos)

As lasers have got ever more powerful, their pulse rate has also pushed new boundaries.

We already have lasers that trace time at the femtosecond level – a thousandth of a millionth of a millionth of a second. Researchers now are also working on attosecond lasers, which count time in divisions of a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a second.

Working at these scales, it is possible to see how matter works, to record for example the moment chemical reactions occur.

"On the femtosecond timescale, the atoms in a molecule will vibrate. So that is the relevant timescale for taking a detailed look at what is going on – as it happens – in a molecule," Professor Hanna told BBC News.

Divide that tiny time by 10 – a reduction of an "order of magnitude", as it is known – three times over, and science can now speak of what happens in attoseconds. This, Professor Hanna explained, is the timescale of processes inside the very atoms that make up molecules.

"Every time we pick up an extra order of magnitude – and there are many more to be got – we need to go back to the drawing board and think ‘what on Earth do we do with that?’."

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Beyond the bubble

Drinkers in the Red Lion, Westminster

With party leaders hammering out a coalition deal, Westminster was abuzz. But outside the bubble, did the rest of the country share the political class’ fascination?

On College Green, opposite the Houses of Parliament, the journalists and politicians in their makeshift studios had long ago stopped pretending to contain their excitement: the maelstrom of anticipation was building as a coalition between the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats loomed closer.

The Palace of Westminster as seen from the Peabody estate

But barely five minutes stroll from here, within the sound of Big Ben’s chimes, were people resigned to the fact that the process of choosing the next prime minister had, in its final stage, nothing to do with them.

On the Peabody estate, a neat complex of housing association flats between Westminster and the gleaming civil service offices of Victoria Street, there were no leftover election posters hanging above the bright window boxes.

In the cafes and greasy spoons surrounding the tenement buildings, life went on. It was the sound of LBC, a commercial London broadcaster, and Radio 1 that provided the background hum, not the latest breathless updates from political correspondents.

There may have been smart apartments nearby, furnished at the taxpayer’s expense. But for ordinary people working within sight of the Palace of Westminster, these neighbours may as well live on the Moon.

Stuart Newman, 39, pointed at a window overlooking his market stall on Strutton Ground. An MP lived in there, Stuart remarked. He may not have been able to recall the politician’s name, but he knew from reading the papers that the honourable member had claimed £400 a week for food on expenses.

As for the twin sets of negotiations still taking place down the road, all Stuart could do was shrug. He had his stall to worry about: the credit crunch had hit demand for his mobile phone accessories and electrical goods badly, as the office workers who made up most of his clientele held onto their cash.

"We seem to be getting by without a government, don’t we?" he smiled ruefully. "Maybe we don’t need one after all."

If the machinations of the county’s leaders seemed remote here, just yards from the Westminster village, you did not have to travel far to find a community to whom they appeared utterly alien.

Pizza leaflets

Nestled on the fringes of the M25, Watford has become convenient shorthand for the demarcation between metropolitan and provincial Britain.

Residential street in Watford

Just days previously, the Hertfordshire town was of crucial importance to the political caste. A three-way marginal, this was one of the seats that both main parties were told they would have to win if they were to form a government.

During the election, all three party leaders visited the town. Nick Clegg even launched the Lib Dems’ campaign here.

In the end, the voters chose Conservative candidate Richard Harrington. But the decision on who would form a government was soon taken out of Watford’s hands.

The town seemed to have decided to block out the election like a bad memory. In The Oddfellows pub, lunchtime drinkers muttered into their pints about the mediocre form of Watford FC, not the relative merits of a "progressive alliance" versus a Conservative-Lib Dem pact.

Along the Victorian and Edwardian residential streets surrounding the town centre, the only leaflets being delivered were for a local pizza restaurant.

The Conservatives had an office at the far end of Watford’s High Street. But otherwise, in a town so recently bombarded with election propaganda, the sudden absence of party colours adorning windows and lamp-posts was strangely unsettling.

But it was not difficult to understand. When asked about the haggling 20 miles away in Westminster, most residents – those that did not simply shake their heads and walk away, at least – hardly bothered to conceal their contempt for the process.

Take 53-year-old Carol Smith, a childcare worker at an after-school club who has lived in Watford since 1991. Her vote has swung left and right over the years in this weathervane seat.

On Thursday, because she wanted a strong leader to guide the country out of recession, she voted Conservative.

But she couldn’t understand why, when plurality in Watford and the country as a whole joined her, the political complexion of the next government remained unresolved. Next time, she is tempted not to bother.

Last poster standing

"The Conservatives got the most seats," she said, incredulous. "How on earth can the prime minister not be a Tory?"

And it was not just the blue part of Watford which was unhappy. Financial adviser Manoj Gondhia, 48, had stuck with Labour. But the uncertainty of the parliamentary arithmetic had left him frightened.

Watford High Street

"I tell you what’s going to happen, with all this…" he struggled to find the word. "This chaos. It’s going to be a disaster. It’s going to be like Greece."

For the most part, however, it appeared that Watford had lost patience and switched off.

The big screen TVs in the pubs were pointedly tuned away from the 24-hour news channels. Most afternoon shoppers greeted questions about the coalition talks with a grimace or a shrug.

At last, however, the BBC found an election poster still proudly on display. In Cafe Toast on the High Street, a handbill for Richard Harrington defiantly remained stuck to the door.

Owner Adam Akbari, 28, was praying a change in leadership would give his business a much-needed boost, but did not want to tempt fate by removing it before a government was finally formed.

Not that he had much enthusiasm for politics of any description at this time.

"Trade’s gone right down since the result," he complained. "Everyone’s worried. No-one wants to spend their money yet.

"When I bought this place five years ago, there wasn’t a single empty shop along this road. Now you count them as you walk along. How’s all this infighting going to help?"

Across the street, a derelict branch of Woolworth’s loomed. Back in Westminster, the politicians and pundits were preparing to herald a new era.

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China suffers new school killings

Hanzhong city

Seven children have been hacked to death in north-western China in the latest in a series of violent attacks on schools, state media report.

At least 20 others were injured after the attack in Hanzhong city in Shaanxi province, Xinhua news agency reported, citing local authorities.

China has been shaken by a spate of attacks on schools in recent weeks.

In March, a man stabbed to death eight pupils at a school in Fujian province, and several similar attacks followed.

A doctor was convicted of the Fujian attack and executed.

But in the space of a week in late April, three more attacks in different parts of China left dozens of children injured.

Motives for the attacks are not known, although officials have speculated that the incidents in late April were likely to be copycat attacks.

Hanzhong city official Liu Xiaoming told the Associated Press news agency that the man who carried out the killings in Hanzhong had killed himself afterwards. This has not been independently confirmed.

The official also told AP that a teacher had been killed along with the seven children.

Last month, the education ministry ordered all schools to upgrade their security facilities, teach students about safety and ensure that young children were escorted home.

But correspondents say such measures are expensive and their effectiveness is unproven.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Coalition government sets to work

David and Samantha Cameron

New UK Prime Minister David Cameron is beginning to shape his government, after the Conservatives agreed to form a historic coalition with the Lib Dems.

Mr Cameron, 43, was installed as PM on a dramatic day that saw Lib Dem leader Nick Clegg announced as his deputy.

Four other Lib Dems will take cabinet posts in what is the first coalition government in the UK for 70 years.

Mr Cameron vowed to set aside party differences and Mr Clegg urged doubting Lib Dem voters to "keep faith with us".

The coalition is the first time the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats have had a power-sharing deal at Westminster.

The Conservatives won the most seats in last week’s general election, but not enough to secure an overall Commons majority, resulting in a hung Parliament.

Following days of talks between the Tories and Lib Dems – and also the Lib Dems and Labour – on forming a new government, a deal was reached on Tuesday that resulted in Labour Prime Minister Gordon Brown resigning.

Nick Clegg

Mr Cameron has already begun the work of appointing his first cabinet, with the Tories’ George Osborne as Chancellor, William Hague as Foreign Secretary, Liam Fox as Defence Secretary and Andrew Lansley as Health Secretary .

Mr Clegg’s chief of staff, Danny Alexander, who was part of the party’s negotiating team, is to be Scottish Secretary, the BBC understands.

Lib Dem Treasury spokesman Vince Cable has been given responsibility for "business and banks" but it is not known if his title will be chief secretary to the Treasury, a senior Lib Dem source said.

There are expected to be about 20 Lib Dems in government jobs in total.

Meanwhile, details have been emerging from Conservative sources about the new government’s programme, including:

There will be a "significant acceleration" of efforts to reduce the budget deficit – including £6bn of spending reductions this year. An emergency Budget will take place within 50 days Plans for five-year, fixed-term parliaments, meaning the next election would not take place until May 2015 The Lib Dems have agreed to drop plans for a "mansion tax" on properties costing more than £2m, while the Conservatives have ditched their pledge to raise the inheritance tax threshold to £1m The new administration will scrap part of Labour’s planned rise in National Insurance and will work towards raising income tax thresholds for lower earners A pledge to have a referendum on any further transfer of powers to the EU and a commitment from the Lib Dems not to adopt the euro for the lifetime of the next Parliament The Lib Dems have agreed to Tory proposals for a cap on non-EU migration The Conservatives will recognise marriage in the tax system, but Lib Dems will abstain in Commons vote The Lib Dems will drop opposition to a replacement for Britain’s Trident nuclear missiles but the programme will be scrutinised for value for money There will be a referendum on moving to the Alternative Vote system and enhanced "pupil premium" for deprived children as Lib Dems demanded

The Lib Dem parliamentary party and its federal executive endorsed the coalition agreement by the required three-quarters majority at a meeting that broke up just after midnight.

Speaking minutes later, Mr Clegg said: "I hope this is the start of the new politics I have always believed in – diverse, plural, where politicians of different persuasions come together, overcome their differences in order to deliver good government for the sake of the whole country."

He acknowledged there would be "glitches" and, in a message to Lib Dem voters, he added: "I can imagine this evening you’ll be having many questions, maybe many doubts, about this new governing arrangement.

"But I want to assure you that I wouldn’t have entered into this agreement unless I was genuinely convinced that it offers a unique opportunity to deliver the kind of changes you and I believe in.

"So I hope you’ll keep faith with us, I hope you will let us prove to you that we can serve you and this country with humility, with fairness at the heart of everything we do, and with total dedication to the interests and livelihoods of everyone in Great Britain."

Mr Cameron’s arrival in Downing Street marks the end of 13 years of Labour rule.

The Tory leader, who is six months younger than Tony Blair was when he entered Downing Street in 1997, is the youngest prime minister since 1812 and the first Old Etonian to hold the office since the early 1960s.

Barack Obama was the first foreign leader to congratulate Mr Cameron in a brief telephone call during which the US president invited the new prime minister to visit Washington in the summer, Downing Street said.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel also offered her congratulations and invited Mr Cameron to visit Berlin.

In a speech outside his new Downing Street home, after travelling to Buckingham Palace to formally accept the Queen’s request to form the next government, Mr Cameron paid tribute to Gordon Brown for his long years of public service.

He also pledged to tackle Britain’s "pressing problems" – the deficit, social problems and to "rebuild trust in our political system".

He said he aimed to "help build a more responsible society here in Britain… those who can should and those who can’t, we will always help. I want to make sure that my government always looks after the elderly, the frail, the poorest in our country.

"We must take everyone through with us on some of the difficult decisions we have ahead.

"I came into politics because I love this country, I think its best days still lie ahead and I believe deeply in public service.

"I think the service our country needs right now is to face up to our big challenges, to confront our problems, take difficult decisions, lead people through those decisions, so that together we can reach better times ahead."

Earlier the Lib Dems said talks with Labour had failed because "the Labour Party never took seriously the prospects of forming a progressive, reforming government".

Gordon Brown

However, Labour’s Lord Mandelson told the BBC they had been "up for" a deal, but the Lib Dems had "created so many barriers and obstacles that perhaps they thought their interests lay on the Tory side, on the Conservative side, rather than the progressive side".

After it became clear the talks had failed, Mr Brown tendered his resignation and said he wished the next prime minister well.

In a resignation statement in Downing Street, Mr Brown said it had been a privilege to serve "this country I love".

Mr Brown had announced on Monday that he would step down as Labour leader by September.

Former Labour minister Kim Howells was scathing of the Lib Dems, and said he was glad his party had not done a deal with them.

He said: "I tell you why it’s been rejected by most Labour MPs – because they know that they’re [the Liberal Democrats] a bunch of opportunistic toerags, who’ll say anything to anyone in order to get power. And they’ve done it this time, they’ve got power."

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