Memory overflow when saving an Excel document?

I’m solving a problem such as saving big data to an Excel document. There is a console command that uploads data from the database to an xlsx document.

The code performs the following actions:

1. Allocates memory to the process.
2. Creates a Spreadsheet object for the header and fills the spreadsheet with headers.
3. Next, in the loop, it creates temporary Spreadsheet1 and in batches of 500 records, we pull it from the database and write it to the same document.
4. When a new iteration of the while loop begins, we destroy Spreadsheet1.
5. At the end and at intermediate stages, we save the document.
   As a result, an error occurs:

Worksheet!D301 -> Unable to access External Workbook

at the stage of loading the second data packet. Here is the code:

ini_set('memory_limit', '512M');
...
// Create new object - Spreadsheet
$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

 $count_data = DB::table($table_name)->count();

            $data = DB::table($table_name)->get();
            //skip($pos)->take(1000)->

            $headers = [];
            if (count($data) > 0) {
                // header  
              $this->info('Create header');
                foreach ($data as $itm) {

                    $Arr = json_decode($itm->data_json);

                    if (is_object($Arr))
                        // Add keys in array of headers
                        foreach ($Arr as $key => $value) {
                            if (!in_array($key, $headers)) {
                                $headers[] = $key;
                            }
                        }
                }

                $rowIndex = 1;
                $columnIndex = 1; // Start with first column 
                foreach ($headers as $colIndex => $header) {
                    //$sheet->setCellValueByColumnAndRow($columnIndex++, 1, $header);
                    $colLetter = Coordinate::stringFromColumnIndex($colIndex + 1); 
                   // create Alfabet string
                    $cell = $colLetter . $rowIndex;
                    $sheet->setCellValue($cell, $header);
                }

                $this->info('Header created...');
                $this->info('Rec data...');

                try {
                    $writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
                    $writer->save(base_path('public') . '/' . $document);
                } catch (PhpOfficePhpSpreadsheetWriterException $e) {
                    $this->error('Error of save document: ' . $e->getMessage());
                }

$rowIndex = 2; // Begin with second record
$pos = 0;    
while ($rowIndex < $count_data) {

   $dump = DB::table($table_name)->skip($pos)->take(500)->get();

if ($dump->count()) {
$spreadsheet1 = PhpOfficePhpSpreadsheetIOFactory::load(base_path('public').'/'.$document);
//$spreadsheet1 = new Spreadsheet();
$sheet1 = $spreadsheet1->getActiveSheet();

foreach ($dump as $item) {
   $Arr = json_decode($item->data_json);
       foreach ($headers as $colIndex => $header) {
           $colLetter = Coordinate::stringFromColumnIndex($colIndex + 1);
           $cell = $colLetter . $rowIndex;
           $sheet1->setCellValue($cell, $Arr->$header ?? '');
       }
       $rowIndex++;
}

$this->info('Save document ' . base_path('public') . '/' .$document);
$this->info('Memory Size: ' . memory_get_usage() . ' bite');

try {
      $writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet1);
      $writer->save(base_path('public') . '/'.$document);
      sleep(5);
      unset($spreadsheet1);
      unset($sheet1);
} catch (PhpOfficePhpSpreadsheetWriterException $e) {
      $this->error('Error of save document: ' . $e->getMessage());
    }
}

How to solve the problem?