Mothers admit to parenting lies at school gates

Children's paintingMothers are under pressure to keep up an image of coping, says the survey
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Many mothers are under so much pressure to appear like perfect parents that they cover up how much television their children watch or what they cook their families, according to a survey.

Such “white lies” also extend to how much “quality time” mothers spend with their partner, website Netmums said its survey of 5,000 people suggested.

The parenting site said mothers often made each other feel “inadequate”.

“Mums need to be more honest with each other,” said Netmums’ Siobhan Freegard.

The website is calling for a more honest approach to family life and an end to the guilty subterfuge of mothers who feel unable to achieve an idealised view of parenthood.

Almost two-thirds of those surveyed said they had been less than honest with other mothers about how well they were coping and almost half covered up financial worries.

Almost a quarter of mothers admitted to downplaying how much television their children actually watched – and one in five “span a yarn” over how long they played with their children.

Ms Freegard, a co-founder of the site, said there had been another example of a mother who was exhausted and went back to bed during the day, but explained her failure to answer the phone as being because her hands had been covered in flour while making cookies.

“It’s just very difficult to put your hands up and admit that you parent differently to your friends”

Becky Mother

The need to keep up a good impression among other parents becomes even more important for mothers who are living far away from their own extended families, she said.

But the survey suggested that this fear of not being a perfect parent was not driven by images of celebrities in glossy magazines.

Instead the sense of inadequacy was caused by peer pressure from other mothers at the school gate or the nursery, the survey found, with more than nine out of 10 comparing themselves to other mothers.

The website is launching what it calls The Real Parenting Revolution, which encourages parents to accept the reality of how they live, rather than feeling bad about not living up to a myth of perfection.

“It’s the imperfections that make us human,” Ms Freegard said.

One mother, known as Becky, who responded to the survey explained that it was difficult to be honest: “My friend was telling me about how she limited her son’s access to the PlayStation and I agreed, telling her that I also limited my son to an hour a day, after homework.

“After I’d said it, I kicked myself for not telling the truth – I mean, it’s no big deal.

“It’s just very difficult to put your hands up and admit that you parent differently to your friends.”

Parenting expert and sociologist Frank Furedi said that parents were under “profound pressures” from society. He said that a culture of parenting “incites parents to lie and to turn child rearing into a performance.”

He added that even with the best intentions, reports such as these increased the pressure on parents: “Parents are always being judged in one way or another – including by this report. The real solution is to lay off parents and publish less reports.”

Psychologist Dr Linda Papadopoulos said that it was common for people to feel that they were being judged in a variety situations. She advised parents to avoid comparing themselves with others.

“You’re in competition with no-one but yourself – all you can do is the best for you and your kid.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Snow hits Scots economic recovery

man in foundryDemand from abroad meant that manufacturing companies did better than service firms in December
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There is further evidence that the harsh weather at the end of last year hit Scotland’s economy.

A Bank of Scotland report said businesses recorded a sharp drop in new orders and output.

The bad weather caused consumer spending to fall – and that in turn hit the service sector in particular.

Foreign demand held up and manufacturing companies fared better than others and they took on new staff, while other firms laid off workers.

Every month the Bank of Scotland produces the Purchasing Manager’s Index (PMI) which monitors activity in the manufacturing and service industries.

About 600 companies are asked about their business and some of December’s results are among the weakest for almost two years.

Scotland’s private sector economy contracted in the final month of 2010, falling almost 10 points on the PMI index to 39.6 from 49.5 in November.

Manufacturers reported continued growth of new export orders from 55.1 in November to 51.5 in December.

If the figure is above 50 it shows there is growth in that area.

Overall, new business receipts in the Scottish private sector fell.

Donald MacRae, chief economist at Bank of Scotland, said: “December was a difficult month signalling a weak last quarter of 2010 for the Scottish economy.

“However, there were encouraging signs of continuing robust export demand.”

Costs continued to rise for companies – driven by higher fuel prices and increases in raw materials.

The report warned that the higher costs would squeeze profit margins even more if companies were not able to pass on the increases.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Police trial ‘tweet on the beat’

TwitterTwitter will be used to break news on subjects such as road incidents
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Police officers in Tayside are to use social networking site Twitter to communicate with the public.

The three-month trial will see community officers providing people with updates on meetings, traffic updates and crime prevention advice.

The pilot will run in Auchterarder, Crieff and Kinross.

Tayside Police said they would also be the first UK force to trial MyPolice, which will allow people to send police anonymous feedback via a website.

Det Ch Con Gordon Scobbie said the force had already experimented with social media to good effect on a number of occasions.

“For example, during a recent spate of suicides in the Dundee area we used Facebook as an effective way of engaging with friends of the young people involved,” he said.

“Many forces are now realising that traditional methods of getting messages out, which we have relied on in the past, are having less impact and are reaching fewer people.

“Simply ‘broadcasting’ messages by whichever channel, is no longer enough.

“What really makes a difference is giving people the opportunity to engage in a two-way conversation with the police about things that matter to them.”

Justice Secretary Kenny MacAskill said the government would await the results of the pilot with interest.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

NHS upheaval unnecessary, GPs say

Hospital nurseA bill is due to be published to pave the way for an overhaul of the NHS
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The upheaval in the NHS in England is unnecessary as the same results could have been achieved by a small change in the current structure, leading GPs say.

Ministers will publish a health bill this week that will pave the way for GP consortiums to take over management of the NHS from primary care trusts.

But the Royal College of GPs’ Dr Clare Gerada and Dr Laurence Buckman, of the British Medical Association, said GPs could have been put in charge of PCTs.

The government rejected the suggestion.

Nonetheless, their intervention is set to spark another round of debate over the government’s controversial plans.

It comes a day after the Observer reported that a report from the NHS Confederation, which represents bodies such as foundation hospitals, primary care trusts and doctors’ groups, suggested hospitals may have to close under the planned reforms.

Among its criticisms, it said allowing GPs to commission services from what it called “any willing provider”, could mean the closure of some hospitals and facilities in order to make way for new private providers.

Ministers have already started piloting GP consortiums, which will take responsibility for spending 80% of the NHS budget in England by 2013. In the process, 151 primary care trusts will be scrapped.

The plans have been criticised at a time when the NHS is having to make savings.

The budget is rising slightly in the coming years, but not enough to keep pace with the rising costs.

The alternative option being put forward by GPs involves the key decision-making body for PCTs, the board.

These tend to have 13 representatives, a majority of which are members of the public. There is only a requirement for them to have one GP, although some have two or three.

Boards have to sign off all big decisions, such as setting up new services.

“You could have simply mandated to ensure GPs had more of an influence on PCT boards – and achieved largely the same results”

Dr Clare Gerada Royal College of GPs

The two GP leaders believe by putting more doctors on the board, the government would have been able to achieve its key aim of getting doctors more involved in decision-making.

Dr Gerada, the chairman of the Royal College of GPs, said: “You could have simply mandated to ensure GPs had more of an influence on PCT boards – and achieved largely the same results. You would probably want a majority of clinicians, mostly GPs but other NHS staff too. It is not too late to change.

“By doing that GPs would have become heavily involved in making the decisions, we could have still made management savings, but without all the upheaval that the NHS is going through.”

Dr Buckman agreed: “We have chaos in management in the health service and that would have been avoided. It could have been that simple.”

However, he believes the ultimate aim is to open the NHS up to the private sector. “By setting up consortiums it gives the impression that decisions are being taken further away from the centre.”

David Stout, director of the PCT Network, said the idea could have worked.

“PCTs were improving all the time and could have adapted. It could have been another option, but it is too late now.”

A Department of Health spokeswoman said: “Primary care trusts are too remote from patients.

“Simply putting more GPs on a PCT board would not have delivered the changes that are necessary, and would have simply added more layers to the existing NHS bureaucracy.

“Commissioning by GP consortia will push decision-making much closer to patients and local communities and ensure that commissioners are accountable to them.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Store thefts ‘soar year on year’

Woman puts clothes into a handbag (model)Retail experts believe opportunist thieves have been deterred by extra security
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Shoplifters make off with goods worth almost £400,000 every day, according to British retailers.

The year-on-year cost of thefts to High Street stores across the UK has soared from £99m to £137m, they say.

The British Retail Consortium (BRC) said items including TVs, computer games and clothes totalling £375,342 were stolen from shelves every day.

However researchers uncovered an 11% drop in crime per 100 outlets compared with the previous year.

The survey also found more than 18,000 staff up and down the country reported they were attacked or suffered verbal abuse.

The trade body, which represents retailers, said the average price tag of goods stolen in one theft had increased from £45 to £70.

It believed organised gangs of thieves who steal more valuable hauls were responsible for the rising figure.

Figures were based on a survey of 54 retailers who employ more than 1.3m staff, representing almost half of Britain’s retail turnover.

Stephen Robertson, of the consortium, said a fall in offences reflected the increased investment of security measures by some stores.

“It’s encouraging to see this having a positive impact on the number of shoplifting offences but the cost to retailers still went up,” he added.

“Retailers’ extra investment in stopping crime has deterred a lot of opportunist thefts leaving a higher proportion of determined, organised thieves who take a greater value of goods each time they steal.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

US lawmaker’s condition improves

An autographed portrait of Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords at a makeshift memorial outside the hospital in TucsonCongresswoman Gabrielle Giffords was shot in the head at close range

The condition of US Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was shot in the head in Arizona, is now “serious” rather than “critical”, hospital officials say.

Doctors said Ms Giffords’ condition was upgraded because she was sucessfully taken off a ventilator.

They replaced her breathing tube on Saturday with a tracheotomy tube in her windpipe to protect her airways.

Six people died in the shooting, which sent shockwaves across the US.

Ms Giffords – who has had brain surgery – had been breathing on her own since the shooting in Tucson, but the breathing tube had been left until now as a precaution.

The gunman – allegedly 22-year-old college dropout, Jared Lee Loughner – was arrested after he opened fire as Ms Giffords was holding a constituency meeting on 8 January. More than a dozen people were also injured.

On Sunday, Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, said Ms Giffords was “doing great” and “making progress every day”.

“She’s using both sides of her body. She’s able to breathe on her own. She’s able to open her eyes and to show people she understands what she’s hearing and seeing,” Ms Gillibrand said on NBC’s Meet The Press programme.

“It’s an extraordinary amount of progress for a woman who sustained such a horrific injury,” she added.

Mr Loughner has been charged with several offences and could face the death penalty if found guilty.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

UK urged to halt shale gas tests

Roger HarrabinBy Roger Harrabin

Lump of shale

Roger Harrabin shows how to get fuel from hard rock

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The UK government should put a moratorium on shale gas operations until the environmental implications are fully understood, a report says.

The Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research report comes amid reports a firm has found reserves in Lancashire.

In the US, officials are investigating claims that shale gas drilling has polluted water supplies.

However, UK ministers have rejected a moratorium, saying that drilling for shale gas does not pose a threat.

“We are aware that there have been reports from US of issues linked to some shale gas projects,” a spokesman for the Department of Energy and Climate Change (Decc) told BBC News.

“However, we understand that these are only in a few cases and that Cuadrilla (the firm testing for shale gas in Lancashire) has made it clear that there is no likelihood of environmental damage and that it is applying technical expertise and exercising the utmost care as it takes drilling and testing forward.”

The Tyndall report was commissioned by The Co-operative, an institutional investor in oil firms.

Cuadrilla Resources' shale gas rig near Kirkham in Lancashire

The test drilling in Lancashire prompted experts at the Tyndall Centre to publish their report

Concerns over shale gas testing Shale gas: an energy saviour?

It is pressing firms not to invest in shale gas until further studies have been carried out into the effects of pumping chemicals underground to help release the gas trapped in shale rocks.

The Co-operative is concerned that Decc pronounced shale gas safe last week before the end of a consultation into the technology by MPs on the Commons energy and climate change select committee.

Paul Monaghan, head of the organisation’s social goals, said: “There should be no fracturing of rock for shale gas until legislation can catch up.

“We are aghast that government accepted the assurances of industry on this while their own consultation had not even finished. There was a shale gas rush in the US and now they are looking into the implications – we need to do it the other way round.”

The Tyndall report also expresses concern that the exploitation of shale gas is bringing new greenhouse gas sources into play.

It says: “This will further reduce any slim possibility of maintaining global temperature changes at or below 2C (3.6F) and thereby increase the risk of entering a period of ‘dangerous climate change’.”

Shale gas has become an energy phenomenon since firms in the US found economic ways of extracting gas previously trapped in shale rocks, which have metamorphosed from clay deposits under pressure and heat.

The process involves drilling horizontally into shale formations far underground, then using small explosions to fracture the shale – followed by a slurry of water, sand and chemicals to free the trapped gas.

The US was gearing up to import gas, but experts suggest that the shale reserves may provide the nation with gas supplies for 100 years.

Large deposits of shale gas are expected to be unearthed in China, Europe and South America too.

Experts say the technological breakthrough increases energy security worldwide and reduces the diplomatic power of gas-rich nations, such as Russia.

But there have been reports of problems with the technology in the US, such as cattle dying after drinking water from the fracturing process that found its way to the surface.

In Pennsylvania, some residents can now set fire to their drinking water after methane leaked into wells. They are blaming shale gas extraction.

The Tyndall report says that gas drilling in Lancashire will give rise to a range of local concerns including noise pollution, high levels of truck movements and land use demands.

The Decc spokesman said: “We support industry’s endeavours in pursuing energy sources (like shale gas), provided that tapping of such resources proves to be economically, commercially and environmentally viable.

“All onshore oil and gas projects, including shale gas exploration and development, are subject to a series of checks, including local planning permission before they are able to move ahead with drilling activities.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Scientists probe climate secrets of deepest ocean

Researchers launching the submersible (Image: Anni Glud)The scientists used a hi-tech submersible to study the trench
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The climate secrets of the deepest part of the ocean, the Marianas Trench in the western Pacific Ocean, have been probed by scientists.

The international team used a submersible, designed to withstand immense pressures, to study the bottom of the 10.9km-deep underwater canyon.

Their early results reveal that ocean trenches are acting as carbon sinks.

This suggests that they play a larger role in regulating the Earth’s chemistry and climate than was thought.

Although two explorers, Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh, reached the deepest part of the Marianas Trench – a point called the Challenger Deep – in 1960, no humans have been back since.

And the handful of scientific missions, including this recent visit to this deepest spot, have been carried out using unmanned underwater vehicles.

Lead researcher Professor Ronnie Glud, from the University of Southern Denmark and the Scottish Association for Marine Science (Sams), said that working at more than 1,000 atmospheres of pressure was challenging, but advances in technology had made it possible.

He told BBC News: “This is the first time we have been able to set down sophisticated instruments at these depths to measure how much carbon is buried there.”

Under pressure

Professor Glud, working with scientists from the Japan Agency for Marine Earth Science and Technology (Jamstec) and from the UK and Germany, used a lander equipped with special sensors packed in a titanium cylinder that was able to resist the remarkable pressures.

Don Walsh (left) and Jacques Piccard (right) in the bathyscaphe Trieste (Noaa Ship Collection)Don Walsh (l) and Jacques Piccard’s (r) deep-sea record still stands

The lander was launched from a ship and took three hours to free-fall to the sea bottom, where it carried out pre-programmed experiments before releasing its ballast and returning to the surface.

The tests helped the scientists to assess the abundance of carbon at those murky depths.

Professor Glud said: “Basically, we are interested in understanding how much organic material – that is all the material produced by algae or fish in the water above – settles at the sea bed, and is either eaten by bacteria and degraded or is buried.

“The ratio that is either degraded or buried is the ultimate process determining what are the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations of the oceans and the atmosphere, and this gives us an overall picture of how efficiently the sea can capture and sequester carbon in the global carbon cycle.”

While this has been studied in other parts of the ocean, such as the abyssal plain – the large flat area of the ocean that lies between 4.6km and 5.5km of depth – the role deep sea trenches play in the carbon cycle has until now remained largely unknown.

“To see an experiment such as this carried out at these extreme depths is a great leap forward in deep-sea science”

Dr Alan Jamieson Oceanlab

Professor Glud said: “Although these trenches cover just 2% of the ocean, we thought they might be disproportionately important, because it was likely that they would accumulate much more carbon because they would act as a trap, with more organic matter drifting to the bottom of them than in other parts of the ocean.”

He explained that preliminary data from his experiments suggested that this was the case.

He said: “Our results very strongly suggest that the trenches do act as sediment traps. And they also had high activity, meaning that more carbon is turned over by bacteria in the trenches than is turned over at 6,000m of depth in the abyssal plain.

“What it means is that we have carbon storage going on in these trenches that is higher than we thought before, and this really means that we have a carbon dioxide sink in the deep ocean that wasn’t recognised before.”

The next stage for the team is to quantify their results and work out exactly how much more carbon is stored in deep sea trenches compared with other parts of the sea, and how much carbon turnover by bacteria is being carried out.

This, the researchers said, should help them to better establish the role of the ocean trenches in regulating climate.

Surprising finds

This is not the first time deep sea trenches have surprised scientists.

Notoliparis kermadecensis

These fish were filmed at a depth of 7.7km

Beyond the abyss

Recent studies by University of Aberdeen’s Oceanlab team have revealed that marine life is much more abundant in this hostile habitat than was previously thought.

In 2008, they filmed the deepest living fish ever to be caught on camera – a 17-strong shoal found at depths of 7.7km in the Japan Trench, and the revealed other animals such as amphipods were present in large numbers even deeper.

Dr Alan Jamieson, from Oceanlab, said the new study was helping researchers to build up a better idea of what happens in the deepest of the deep.

He said: “The trenches continue to amaze us.

“And to see an experiment such as this carried out at these extreme depths is a great leap forward in deep-sea science.

“These studies will greatly enhance our understanding of how the deep trenches contribute to carbon cycling in the world’s oceans.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Grant axe ‘to hit student travel’

Student protestsMany student protesters have been highlighting the axing of the EMA
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The abolition of the student support grant, the EMA, in England will affect some students’ ability to reach class, college principals say.

As travel fares rise and cuts bite, there are particular concerns for those in rural areas, some of whom travel up to 35 miles (56km) to get to college.

Principals fear poorer students may not be able to follow the preferred course, due to unaffordable transport costs.

The government has pledged more targeted support for poorer students

In the Spending Review, Chancellor George Osborne announced plans to axe the scheme, which was designed to keep students coming to class, saying it had very high “dead weight costs”.

The Department for Education has highlighted research that suggests many of the grants’ recipients would attend college or school whether they received the money or not.

But others say it is a critical factor in students’ decisions about staying in education.

The findings come from a survey of 160 Association of Colleges (AoC) members.

Some 94% said they thought the abolition of the grant, worth up to £30 a week for the poorest students, will affect students’ ability to travel.

The majority (78%) of colleges provide some form of financial assistance. The average spend is about £140,000 a year.

But figures are far higher for land-based colleges which specialise in agricultural and horticultural courses and tend to be in rural areas.

AoC President Chris Morecroft said: “There is a danger of students getting caught in a pincer movement between cash-strapped colleges and local authorities, which have also seen severe budget cuts.

“Our members are concerned that local authority subsidies may be at risk and even where subsidies remain, fares still may be out of reach for the poorest students.

“The abolition of the EMA (education maintenance allowance) will simply compound this, leaving the most disadvantaged students struggling to get to college to gain the qualifications they need to prepare themselves for a fulfilling and productive life.

“This may be an unintended consequence of the funding cuts faced by our colleges, local government and our students, but it flies in the face of the coalition government’s avowed desire to improve social mobility.”

The AoC is urging the government to reconsider its abolition of EMA funding.

A Department for Education spokesman said it was determined to make sure that no young person was put off staying in education because of transport problems.

“Local authorities have a statutory responsibility to enable 16 to 18 year olds to attend education and training by making sure that transport is not a barrier.

“And we are reviewing all home to school transport including looking at transport for pupils who live in rural areas.

“But let’s be clear, the deeply worrying state of the public finances has meant we’ve had to make some tough decisions. EMA was an expensive programme, costing over £560m a year with administration costs amounting to £36m, and only increased the participation in education of a minority of students.

“But we are not leaving pupils who genuinely face financial barriers on their own. We are significantly increasing the £26m learner support fund to help those most in need. We hope to at least triple this fund.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

China questions currency system

Hu Jintao, December 2010Hu Jintao is due to visit Washington this week
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Chinese President Hu Jintao has said the international currency system dominated by the US dollar is a “product of the past”.

Mr Hu also said China was taking steps to replace it with the yuan, its own currency, but acknowledged that would be a “fairly long process”.

The remarks to two US newspapers come ahead of a state visit by the Chinese leader to Washington this week.

They reflect continuing tensions over currency issues between the two powers.

In a rare interview published in the Washington Post and Wall Street Journal, Mr Hu also reiterated criticism of a decision by the US Federal Reserve to inject $600bn into the economy, which some argue will weaken the dollar at the expense of other countries’ exports.

“The monetary policy of the United States has a major impact on global liquidity and capital flows and therefore, the liquidity of the US dollar should be kept at a reasonable and stable level,” President Hu said.

He meanwhile disagreed with suggestions that letting the yuan appreciate in value would help China to combat inflation.

Beijing has previously come under pressure over its currency from the US, which has accused China of allegedly manipulating the yuan to help boost Chinese exports.

Despite criticism of the current system, Mr Hu said he believed it would be a long time before the yuan – or renmindi (RMB) – was accepted as a global currency.

“China has made important contribution to the world economy in terms of total economic output and trade, and the RMB has played a role in the world economic development,” he said.

“But making the RMB an international currency will be a fairly long process.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

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