Why are you allowed to omit arguments from a JavaScript function?

In JavaScript, how come you are able to pass no arguments to a function that “requires” arguments?

For example:

function printName(name) {
    if (name) console.log(name);
    else console.log("No name");
}

printName();

However, if you try the same thing in Python you get an error:

def foo(name):
    if name: print(name)
    else: print("No name")

foo()

TypeError: foo() missing 1 required positional argument: 'name'

Original exception was:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "random.py", line 5, in <module>
    foo()
TypeError: foo() missing 1 required positional argument: 'name'

I can tell this relates to the undefined keyword: if you console.log() nothing, it logs undefined.

Can somebody explain what is going on when it does this/how this is allowed to work in relation to other languages that don’t allow it, such as Python?