Category: PHP

I have created following php PDO wrapper class with the help of google and other some websites and my little knowledge.

I will use this for less coding work without change whole previous coded websites and to replace my previous mysqli wrapper class and keep same structure for my previous websites created with mysqli wrapper class and add pdo with prepared statements and more security in those websites.

I want to know

-  will it be good php pdo wrapper or not? 
-  will it cover secured functions ?  

Providing code with some usage examples

<?php
 define('HST', 'localhost'); // Your database host
 define('USR', 'root');      // Your database username
 define('PWD', '');          // Your database password
 define('DBN', 'test_db');   // Your database name
 define('SEND_ERRORS_TO', ''); // e.g., '[email protected]'
 define('DEFAULT_TIMEZONE', 'Asia/Kolkata');

/* ^^ can be defined in different file and can be included that file here. */

 date_default_timezone_set(DEFAULT_TIMEZONE);


class DB {
    private $host;
    private $dbName;
    private $user;
    private $password;
    private $charset;
    private $pdo;
    private $queryCount = 0;
    private $errorEmailRecipient = SEND_ERRORS_TO;

    /**
    * Constructor: Connect to a given MySQL server.
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * $database = new DB(HST, DBN, USR, PWD, 'utf8mb4');
    *
    * @param string $host The database host (e.g., 'localhost').
    * @param string $dbName The database name.
    * @param string $user The database username.
    * @param string $password The database password.
    * @param string $charset The character set (default: 'utf8mb4').
    */
    public function __construct($host = HST, $dbName = DBN, $user = USR, $password = PWD, $charset = 'utf8mb4') {
    $this->host = $host;
    $this->dbName = $dbName;
    $this->user = $user;
    $this->password = $password;
    $this->charset = $charset;

    $dsn = "mysql:host={$this->host};dbname={$this->dbName};charset={$this->charset}";
    $options = [
        PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE            => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, // Throw exceptions on errors
        PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,     // Default fetch mode to associative array
        PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES   => false,                // Disable emulation for better security and performance
    ];

    try {
        $this->pdo = new PDO($dsn, $this->user, $this->password, $options);
    } catch (PDOException $e) {
        $errorMessage = "Database connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
        error_log($errorMessage); // Log the error
        $this->send_error_email("Database Connection Error", $errorMessage);
        die($errorMessage); // Terminate script execution
    }
  }

     /**
     * Execute arbitrary SQL queries (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, etc.).
     * This function uses prepared statements to prevent SQL injection.
     *
     * Usage Example:
     * $stmt = $database->execute_query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?", [1]);
     * if ($stmt) {
     * $user = $stmt->fetch();
     * print_r($user);
     * }
     *
     * $stmt = $database->execute_query("INSERT INTO products (name, price) VALUES (?, ?)", ["Laptop", 1200.50]);
     * if ($stmt->rowCount() > 0) {
     * echo "Product added successfully!";
     * }
     *
     * @param string $sql The SQL query string.
     * @param array $params An associative or indexed array of parameters to bind to the query.
     * @return PDOStatement|false Returns the PDOStatement object on success, or false on failure.
     */
    public function execute_query($sql, $params = []) {
    try {
        $stmt = $this->pdo->prepare($sql);
        $stmt->execute($params);
        $this->queryCount++;
        return $stmt;
    } catch (PDOException $e) {
        $errorMessage = "Query execution failed: " . $e->getMessage() . " SQL: " . $sql . " Params: " . json_encode($params);
        error_log($errorMessage);
        $this->send_error_email("Database Query Error", $errorMessage);
        return false;
    }
}


     /**
     * Retrieve the number of rows from a table based on multiple WHERE clauses.
     *
     * Usage Example:
     * $conditions = [
     * 'status' => 'active',
     * 'category_id' => 5
     * ];
     * $active_products_count = $database->num_rows('products', $conditions);
     * OR $active_products_count = $database->num_rows('products', ['status' => 'active','category_id' => 5]);
     * echo "Number of active products: " . $active_products_count;
     *
     * @param string $table The name of the table.
     * @param array $conditions An associative array of column => value pairs for the WHERE clause.
     * @return int The number of rows matching the conditions, or 0 on error.
     */
    public function num_rows($table, $conditions = []) {
    $sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `{$table}`";
    $params = [];
    $whereClause = $this->build_where_clause($conditions, $params);

    $sql .= $whereClause;

    $stmt = $this->execute_query($sql, $params);
    if ($stmt) {
        return (int) $stmt->fetchColumn();
    }
    return 0;
 }


    /**
     * Retrieve the query results in a single array.
     * This function now accepts table name, conditions, selected columns, order by, group by, and limit.
     *
     * Usage Example:
     * // Fetch all users
     * $allUsers = $database->get_results('users');
     *
     * // Fetch active users, selecting specific columns
     * $activeUsers = $database->get_results('users', ['status' => 'active'], ['id', 'name', 'email']);
     * foreach ($activeUsers as $user) {
     * echo $user['name'] . " - " . $user['email'] . "<br>";
     * }
     *
     * // Fetch products with price greater than 100, ordered by price descending, limited to 5
     * $expensiveProducts = $database->get_results('products', ['price >' => 100], ['name', 'price'], 'price DESC', null, 5);
     *
     * // Fetch the latest user added (by ID)
     * $latestUser = $database->get_results('users', [], ['id', 'name'], 'id DESC', null, 1);
     * if (!empty($latestUser)) {
     * echo "Latest user: " . $latestUser[0]['name'];
     * }
     *
     * // Get count of users by role
     * $userRoleCounts = $database->get_results('users', [], ['role', 'COUNT(id) as user_count'], '', 'role');
     * foreach ($userRoleCounts as $roleCount) {
     * echo "Role: " . $roleCount['role'] . ", Count: " . $roleCount['user_count'] . "<br>";
     * }
     *
     * // Example with OR condition:
     * $conditions_or = [
     * 'status' => 'active', // This will be ANDed
     * '_OR_' => [           // This whole block will be ORed together
     * ['role' => 'admin'],
     * ['role' => 'editor', 'department' => 'marketing'] // This is (role = 'editor' AND department = 'marketing')
     * ]
     * ];
     * $users_complex = $database->get_results('users', $conditions_or, ['name', 'email', 'role', 'department']);
     *
     * @param string $table The name of the table to retrieve data from.
     * @param array $conditions An associative array of column => value pairs for the WHERE clause.
     * Supports operators like 'column >', 'column <', 'column LIKE', 'column IN', etc.
     * @param array $selectColumns An array of column names to select (default: ['*'] for all columns).
     * @param string $orderBy An ORDER BY clause (e.g., 'column_name ASC', 'column_name DESC').
     * @param string $groupBy A GROUP BY clause (e.g., 'column_name', 'column1, column2').
     * @param int|null $limit A LIMIT clause (e.g., 10).
     * @param int $fetch_style The PDO fetch style (e.g., PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, PDO::FETCH_OBJ).
     * @return array An array of query results. Returns an empty array on no results or error.
     */

     public function get_results($table, $conditions = [], $selectColumns = ['*'], $orderBy = '', $groupBy = '', $limit = null, $fetch_style = PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)  {
    $selectClause = implode(", ", $selectColumns);
    $params = [];
    $whereClause = $this->build_where_clause($conditions, $params);

    $sql = "SELECT {$selectClause} FROM `{$table}`{$whereClause}";

    if (!empty($groupBy)) {
        $sql .= " GROUP BY {$groupBy}";
    }

    if (!empty($orderBy)) {
        $sql .= " ORDER BY {$orderBy}";
    }

    if ($limit !== null && is_int($limit) && $limit > 0) {
        $sql .= " LIMIT {$limit}";
    }

    $stmt = $this->execute_query($sql, $params);
    if ($stmt) {
        return $stmt->fetchAll($fetch_style);
    }
    return [];
 }


     /**
     * Determine if one value or an array of values contain common MySQL function calls.
     * This is a basic check and should not replace prepared statements for security.
     *
     * Usage Example:
     * if ($database->contains_mysql_functions($_GET['order_by'])) {
     * echo "Potential SQL injection attempt detected!";
     * } else {
     * // Proceed with using $_GET['order_by'] in ORDER BY clause (carefully!)
     * }
     *
     * @param mixed $value The string or array of strings to check.
     * @return bool True if any common MySQL function is found, false otherwise.
     */
    public function contains_mysql_functions($value) {
    $functions = [
        'SLEEP', 'BENCHMARK', 'UNION', 'SELECT', 'INSERT', 'UPDATE', 'DELETE',
        'DROP', 'TRUNCATE', 'ALTER', 'CREATE', 'GRANT', 'REVOKE', 'RENAME',
        'LOAD_FILE', 'OUTFILE', 'INFILE', '@@', 'CONCAT', 'CAST', 'CONVERT',
        'ASCII', 'CHAR', 'UNHEX', 'HEX', 'MID', 'SUBSTRING', 'LEFT', 'RIGHT',
        'IF', 'CASE', 'AND', 'OR', 'XOR', 'NOT', 'NULL', 'VERSION', 'DATABASE',
        'USER', 'CURRENT_USER', 'SYSTEM_USER', 'SESSION_USER', 'SCHEMA',
        'INFORMATION_SCHEMA', 'MYSQL.USER', 'PASSWORD', 'MD5', 'SHA1', 'SHA2',
        'AES_ENCRYPT', 'AES_DECRYPT', 'FROM_UNIXTIME', 'UNIX_TIMESTAMP',
        'GROUP_CONCAT', 'ORDER BY', 'GROUP BY', 'HAVING', 'LIMIT', 'OFFSET'
    ];

    $regex = '/b(' . implode('|', $functions) . ')b/i';

    if (is_array($value)) {
        foreach ($value as $val) {
            if (preg_match($regex, $val)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (preg_match($regex, $value)) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
  }


    /**
    * Check if a table exists in the current database.
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * if ($database->table_exists('users')) {
    * echo "Table 'users' exists.";
    * } else {
    * echo "Table 'users' does not exist.";
    * }
    *
    * @param string $tableName The name of the table to check.
    * @return bool True if the table exists, false otherwise.
    */
    public function table_exists($tableName) {
    $sql = "SHOW TABLES LIKE ?";
    $stmt = $this->execute_query($sql, [$tableName]);
    return $stmt && $stmt->rowCount() > 0;
  }


      /**
      * Execute an INSERT query from values that define table, field names, and field values.
      *
      * Usage Example:
      * $new_user_data = [
      * 'name' => 'Alice Smith',
      * 'email' => '[email protected]',
      * 'status' => 'active'
      * ];
      * if ($database->insert('users', $new_user_data)) {
      * echo "New user inserted successfully!";
      * echo "Last Insert ID: " . $database->last_insert_id();
      * } else {
      * echo "Failed to insert new user.";
      * }
      *
      * @param string $table The table name.
      * @param array $data An associative array of column => value pairs to insert.
      * @return bool True on success, false on failure.
      */
     public function insert($table, $data){
    if (empty($data)) {
        return false;
    }

    $columns = implode(", ", array_keys($data));
    $placeholders = implode(", ", array_fill(0, count($data), '?'));
    $params = array_values($data);

    $sql = "INSERT INTO `{$table}` ({$columns}) VALUES ({$placeholders})";
    $stmt = $this->execute_query($sql, $params);
    return $stmt !== false;
  }


   /**
    * Execute an INSERT MULTI query for inserting multiple rows at once.
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * $products_to_add = [
    * ['name' => 'Keyboard', 'price' => 75.00, 'category_id' => 1],
    * ['name' => 'Mouse', 'price' => 25.50, 'category_id' => 1],
    * ['name' => 'Monitor', 'price' => 299.99, 'category_id' => 2]
    * ];
    * if ($database->insert_multi('products', $products_to_add)) {
    * echo "Multiple products inserted successfully!";
    * } else {
    * echo "Failed to insert multiple products.";
    * }
    *
    * @param string $table The table name.
    * @param array $dataArray An array of associative arrays, where each inner array represents a row to insert.
    * @return bool True on success, false on failure.
    */
    public function insert_multi($table, $dataArray) {
    if (empty($dataArray) || !is_array($dataArray[0])) {
        return false;
    }

    $columns = implode(", ", array_keys($dataArray[0]));
    $placeholders = "(" . implode(", ", array_fill(0, count($dataArray[0]), '?')) . ")";

    $values = [];
    $params = [];
    foreach ($dataArray as $row) {
        $values[] = $placeholders;
        $params = array_merge($params, array_values($row));
    }

    $sql = "INSERT INTO `{$table}` ({$columns}) VALUES " . implode(", ", $values);
    $stmt = $this->execute_query($sql, $params);
    return $stmt !== false;
 }

    /**
    * Execute an UPDATE query from values that define table, field names, field values, and conditions.
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * $update_data = ['status' => 'inactive', 'last_login' => date('Y-m-d H:i:s')];
    * $conditions = ['id' => 1];
    * if ($database->update('users', $update_data, $conditions)) {
    * echo "User ID 1 updated successfully!";
    * } else {
    * echo "Failed to update user ID 1.";
    * }
    *
    * @param string $table The table name.
    * @param array $data An associative array of column => new_value pairs to update.
    * @param array $conditions An associative array of column => value pairs for the WHERE clause.
    * @return bool True on success, false on failure.
    */
    public function update($table, $data, $conditions) {
    if (empty($data) || empty($conditions)) {
        return false;
    }

    $setParts = [];
    $params = [];
    foreach ($data as $column => $value) {
        $setParts[] = "`{$column}` = ?";
        $params[] = $value;
    }
    $setClause = implode(", ", $setParts);

    $whereClause = $this->build_where_clause($conditions, $params);

    $sql = "UPDATE `{$table}` SET {$setClause} {$whereClause}";
    $stmt = $this->execute_query($sql, $params);
    return $stmt !== false;
  }

    /**
    * Execute a DELETE query from values that define table and conditions.
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * $conditions = ['status' => 'inactive', 'last_login <' => '2023-01-01'];
    * if ($database->delete('users', $conditions)) {
    * echo "Inactive users deleted successfully!";
    * } else {
    * echo "Failed to delete inactive users.";
    * }
    *
    * @param string $table The table name.
    * @param array $conditions An associative array of column => value pairs for the WHERE clause.
    * Supports operators like 'column >', 'column <', 'column LIKE', etc.
    * @return bool True on success, false on failure.
    */
    public function delete($table, $conditions) {
    if (empty($conditions)) {
        // Prevent accidental full table deletion without conditions
        error_log("Attempted to delete from table '{$table}' without conditions. Operation aborted.");
        $this->send_error_email("Security Alert: Unconditional Delete Attempt", "Attempted to delete from table '{$table}' without conditions.");
        return false;
    }

    $params = [];
    $whereClause = $this->build_where_clause($conditions, $params);

    $sql = "DELETE FROM `{$table}` {$whereClause}";
    $stmt = $this->execute_query($sql, $params);
    return $stmt !== false;
 }

     /**
     * Helper function to build the WHERE clause string and populate parameters array.
     * Supports AND conditions at the top level and one special '_OR_' group.
     * The '_OR_' group should contain an array of condition sets, where each set
     * is ANDed internally, and then these sets are ORed together.
     *
     * @param array $conditions An associative array of column => value pairs for the WHERE clause.
     * Can include a special '_OR_' key for OR conditions.
     * @param array $params Reference to the main parameters array to add new values.
     * @return string The WHERE clause string (e.g., " WHERE `column` = ? AND (`other_column` = ? OR `another_column` = ?)").
    */
    private function build_where_clause($conditions, &$params)  {
    $whereParts = [];
    $orGroupClauses = [];

    foreach ($conditions as $key => $value) {
        if ($key === '_OR_' && is_array($value)) {
            // This is an OR group, process each sub-condition set
            $currentOrGroupParts = [];
            foreach ($value as $orConditionSet) {
                if (is_array($orConditionSet)) {
                    $subConditionParts = [];
                    foreach ($orConditionSet as $subColumn => $subValue) {
                        // Build each individual condition within the OR group
                        $operator = '=';
                        $field = $subColumn;
                        $isBinary = false;

                        if (strpos(strtoupper(trim($subColumn)), 'BINARY ') === 0) {
                            $isBinary = true;
                            $field = substr(trim($subColumn), 7);
                        }

                        if (preg_match('/(.*?)s*(<|>|<=|>=|!=|<>|LIKE|NOT LIKE|IN|NOT IN|IS NULL|IS NOT NULL)$/i', $field, $matches)) {
                            $field = trim($matches[1]);
                            $operator = strtoupper(trim($matches[2]));
                        }

                        $field_escaped = "`{$field}`";
                        if ($isBinary) {
                            $field_escaped = "BINARY {$field_escaped}";
                        }

                        if ($operator === 'IN' || $operator === 'NOT IN') {
                            if (is_array($subValue)) {
                                $placeholders = $this->in_clause_helper($field, $subValue, $params);
                                $subConditionParts[] = "{$field_escaped} {$operator} ({$placeholders})";
                            } else {
                                error_log("Invalid value for IN/NOT IN clause within OR group for column '{$field}'. Value must be an array.");
                                continue;
                            }
                        } elseif ($operator === 'IS NULL' || $operator === 'IS NOT NULL') {
                            $subConditionParts[] = "{$field_escaped} {$operator}";
                        } else {
                            $subConditionParts[] = "{$field_escaped} {$operator} ?";
                            $params[] = $subValue;
                        }
                    }
                    if (!empty($subConditionParts)) {
                        $currentOrGroupParts[] = "(" . implode(" AND ", $subConditionParts) . ")";
                    }
                } else {
                    error_log("Invalid OR condition set format. Expected an array of associative arrays.");
                }
            }
            if (!empty($currentOrGroupParts)) {
                $orGroupClauses[] = "(" . implode(" OR ", $currentOrGroupParts) . ")";
            }
        } else {
            // This is a regular AND condition
            $operator = '=';
            $field = $key; // $key is the column name
            $isBinary = false;

            if (strpos(strtoupper(trim($key)), 'BINARY ') === 0) {
                $isBinary = true;
                $field = substr(trim($key), 7);
            }

            if (preg_match('/(.*?)s*(<|>|<=|>=|!=|<>|LIKE|NOT LIKE|IN|NOT IN|IS NULL|IS NOT NULL)$/i', $field, $matches)) {
                $field = trim($matches[1]);
                $operator = strtoupper(trim($matches[2]));
            }

            $field_escaped = "`{$field}`";
            if ($isBinary) {
                $field_escaped = "BINARY {$field_escaped}";
            }

            if ($operator === 'IN' || $operator === 'NOT IN') {
                if (is_array($value)) {
                    $placeholders = $this->in_clause_helper($field, $value, $params);
                    $whereParts[] = "{$field_escaped} {$operator} ({$placeholders})";
                } else {
                    error_log("Invalid value for IN/NOT IN clause for column '{$field}'. Value must be an array.");
                    continue;
                }
            } elseif ($operator === 'IS NULL' || $operator === 'IS NOT NULL') {
                $whereParts[] = "{$field_escaped} {$operator}";
            } else {
                $whereParts[] = "{$field_escaped} {$operator} ?";
                $params[] = $value;
            }
        }
    }

    // Combine all AND parts and the OR group clauses
    $finalWhereParts = array_merge($whereParts, $orGroupClauses);

    return empty($finalWhereParts) ? '' : " WHERE " . implode(" AND ", $finalWhereParts);
  }


    /**
    * Truncate a table (removes all rows and resets auto-increment counter).
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * if ($database->truncate_table('logs')) {
    * echo "Table 'logs' truncated successfully!";
    * } else {
    * echo "Failed to truncate table 'logs'.";
    * }
    *
    * @param string $tableName The name of the table to truncate.
    * @return bool True on success, false on failure.
    */
    public function truncate_table($tableName) {
    try {
        $sql = "TRUNCATE TABLE `{$tableName}`";
        $stmt = $this->pdo->prepare($sql);
        $stmt->execute();
        $this->queryCount++;
        return true;
    } catch (PDOException $e) {
        $errorMessage = "Failed to truncate table '{$tableName}': " . $e->getMessage();
        error_log($errorMessage);
        $this->send_error_email("Database Truncate Error", $errorMessage);
        return false;
    }
  }


    /**
    * Send email messages with MySQL access and query errors.
    * Requires mail() function to be configured on the server.
    *
    * Usage Example (internal, called by class methods on error):
    * $this->send_error_email("Database Connection Error", "Could not connect to MySQL.");
    *
    * @param string $subject The subject of the email.
    * @param string $message The body of the email.
    * @return bool True if the email was sent successfully, false otherwise.
    */
   public function send_error_email($subject, $message) {
    if ($this->errorEmailRecipient === null || $this->errorEmailRecipient === '') {
        // No recipient set, so don't send email
        return false;
    }

    $headers = 'From: [email protected]' . "rn" .
               'Reply-To: [email protected]' . "rn" .
               'X-Mailer: PHP/' . phpversion();

    // In a real application, you might want to format the message better
    // and include more context like $_SERVER data, stack trace, etc.
    $fullMessage = "An error occurred in your application:nn" .
                   "Subject: " . $subject . "n" .
                   "Message: " . $message . "nn" .
                   "Timestamp: " . date('Y-m-d H:i:s') . "n" .
                   "Script: " . ($_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] ?? 'N/A') . "n" .
                   "Referer: " . ($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] ?? 'N/A') . "n" .
                   "User Agent: " . ($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] ?? 'N/A');

    return mail($this->errorEmailRecipient, $subject, $fullMessage, $headers);
  }

    /**
    * Set the email recipient for error notifications.
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * $database->set_error_email_recipient('[email protected]');
    *
    * @param string $email The email address to send error notifications to.
    */
    public function set_error_email_recipient($email) {
    $this->errorEmailRecipient = $email;
  }

    /**
    * Display the total number of queries performed during all instances of the class.
    *
    * Usage Example:
    * echo "Total queries executed: " . $database->get_query_count();
    *
    * @return int The total number of queries executed.
    */
    public function get_query_count() {
      return $this->queryCount;
   }


   /**
   * Checks if a record exists in a table based on given conditions.
   * This function securely uses prepared statements via num_rows.
   *
   * Usage Example:
   * $check_user = ['user_email' => '[email protected]', 'user_id' => 48];
   * $exists = $database->exists('users', $check_user);
   *
   * @param string $table The database table name.
   * @param array $conditions An associative array of column name => column value to match.
   * @return bool True if the record exists, false otherwise.
   */
   public function exists($table = '', $conditions = []) {
    if (empty($table) || empty($conditions)) {
        return false;
    }
    return $this->num_rows($table, $conditions) > 0;
  }


   /**
   * Returns the number of fields (columns) in the result set of a query.
   *
   * Usage Example:
   * $stmt = $database->execute_query("SELECT id, name, email FROM users LIMIT 1");
   * $numFields = $database->get_num_fields($stmt); // Output: 3
   *
   * @param PDOStatement|false $stmt The PDOStatement object returned by execute_query.
   * @return int The number of fields, or 0 if statement is invalid.
  */
  public function get_num_fields($stmt) {
    if ($stmt instanceof PDOStatement) {
        return $stmt->columnCount();
    }
    return 0;
  }

  /**
  * Returns an array of field (column) names from the result set of a query.
  *
  * Usage Example:
  * $stmt = $database->execute_query("SELECT id, name, email, status, created_at FROM users LIMIT 1");
  * $fieldNames = $database->get_list_fields($stmt); // Output: ['id', 'name', 'email', 'status', 'created_at']
  *
  * @param PDOStatement|false $stmt The PDOStatement object returned by execute_query.
  * @return array An array of column names, or an empty array if statement is invalid.
  */
  public function get_list_fields($stmt)  {
    $fieldNames = [];
    if ($stmt instanceof PDOStatement) {
        for ($i = 0; $i < $stmt->columnCount(); $i++) {
            $meta = $stmt->getColumnMeta($i);
            $fieldNames[] = $meta['name'];
        }
    }
    return $fieldNames;
  }

 } /* end of class DB */

Expecting your valuable suggestions on it.

If I try to return a view I can’t get a response

 <?php
    
    use AppHttpControllersProfileController;
    use IlluminateSupportFacadesRoute;
    
    Route::get('/', function () {
        // echo view('welcome'); its working`your text`
        return view('welcome'); // not working
    });

if i make return echo its working i can see it on my localhost and see it in the network response place. Cant return a blade or variable.

I ask AI and its always say clear with artisan command or delete and clone it i tried everything but not working but on my friends computer its working i think the error is for my computer but i don’t know why?

I have this query without SELECT clause

$itemList = Job::find('all', array('conditions' => array('jobs.deleted = ?' . $sql_conditional_fragment, 0),
    'include'    => array('job_type','client_upload' => array('outer_client_user'), 'outer_client_offer', 'user', 'retailer', 'job_status'),
    'joins'      => '
    LEFT JOIN client_uploads cu ON cu.id = jobs.client_upload_id 
    LEFT JOIN users ON users.id = jobs.user_id 
    LEFT JOIN job_statuses js ON js.id = jobs.job_status_id
    LEFT JOIN retailers r ON r.id = jobs.retailer_id',
    'order'      => $sort,
    'limit'      => $limit,
    'offset'     => $offset
    ));

The actual table names

jobs, job_types, job_statuses, retailers, users, client_uploads

outer_client_user and outer_client_offer are not actual table names in the DB.

These are tables from diff DB with names – users and offer. But both have a corresponding Model with actual table name and connection name defined.

can any help me with selecting only handful of columns from all the tables?

What I tried:

'select' => 
  'jobs.id, jobs.legibility, jobs.num_items, jobs.total_spent,
   jobs.processed_at, jobs.created_at, jobs.approved, 
   users.first_name, users.last_name, outer_client_user.user_first_name, 
   outer_client_user.user_last_name, job_types.name,
   job_types.abbreviation, r.name, outer_client_offer.offer_name, js.name'

I am making a search bar in HTML/PHP/JS/MySQL. With the code I have right now, if someone enters the value book 1: conquest into the search bar, the SQL query looks for a column value of ALL the words in the search bar.

But, If someone spells a word wrong in the search bar, or enters Conquest instead of conquest, they will get the dreaded no results found result. But, every other search bar I’ve came across doesn’t suffer from this problem. Is it possible to change this?

<?php
  define("DB_HOST", "localhost");
  define("DB_NAME", "officiallasereyeswebsite");
  define("DB_CHARSET", "utf8");
  define("DB_USER", "root");
  define("DB_PASSWORD", "");
  $search = $_GET['search'];
  $pdo = new PDO(
    "mysql:host=".DB_HOST.";charset=".DB_CHARSET.";dbname=".DB_NAME,
    DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD, [
      PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
      PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC
    ]);

  $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM `items` WHERE `item` LIKE ? OR `code` LIKE ?");
  $stmt->execute(["%".$search."%", "%".$search."%"]);
  $results = $stmt->fetchAll();
  if (isset($_GET["ajax"])) { echo json_encode($results); }
?>

I’m trying to install PHP 8.1 on CentOS 7 using the Remi repository, but I’m facing issues with the installation. The Remi repository remi-php81 is enabled, but when I attempt to install PHP 8.1 using yum, I get the error:
No package php available. Error: Nothing to do

Here are the steps I’ve already tried:

Verified Remi Repository:
I checked that the remi-php81 repository is enabled:

yum repolist enabled | grep remi

Output:

remi-php81     Remi's PHP 8.1 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - 6+383
remi-safe      Safe Remi's RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86  217+5379

Attempted PHP Installation:

I attempted to install PHP 8.1 explicitly with:

yum install php --enablerepo=remi-php81

But I still receive the message: No package php available.

Verified Available Packages:

I ran:

yum list available php* --enablerepo=remi-php81

but no PHP packages are listed.

Confirmed PHP Package Availability in Repository:

I checked if the PHP 8.1 package is available in the Remi repository:

yum list available | grep php

But no PHP packages are shown as available for installation.

Could someone help me understand what I might be missing or if there are other steps to properly install PHP 8.1 on CentOS 7?

System Details:

• CentOS 7
• Remi repository (remi-php81) is enabled
• PHP 8.1 package should be available in remi-php81

I make a moodle file system in which user user upload there files and then after uploading I fetch the user on to another page on which user sees there inserted record with the image that they are uploading but I cant get images from attachment on to that page instead of showing image it shows default image logo ):

I was expecting that images will shown from moodle database but I m wrong ):

I need to generate a PDF file in PHP that includes dynamic Marathi text.

I’ve tried multiple libraries like TCPDF, mPDF, FPDF, DomPDF, and even generated SVG images with fonts like Noto Sans Devanagari and Mangal. Some of these approaches work partially, but none of them print the Marathi text exactly as I input it.

For example, my input is:

माझं नाव हर्ष आहे. मी वेब डेव्हलपर आहे.
But the output looks distorted or incorrect see this image

I’m using a shared hosting server, so I can’t install any system-level fonts or binaries.

Has anyone successfully printed accurate Marathi text in a PDF using PHP, especially on shared hosting? Any suggestions or workarounds that work reliably?

Thanks in advance!

I noticed the following strange behavior in PHP (tested with several versions) where comparing an object == 1 returns true and the same object == 5000 returns false.

I managed to simulate this only with the following code, to test change 1 in the if to 5000 e.q.

$object = new stdClass();

$object->name = "John Doe";
$object->age = 30;
$object->email = "[email protected]";


if(1 == $object){
    echo 'true';
} else {
    echo 'false';
}
// returns true

if(500 == $object){
    echo 'true';
} else {
    echo 'false';
}
//returns false

I tried testing this also with JSON objects and classes, but doesn’t behave the same way.

PS: Asking AI will give really wrong answers.

I’m trying to send a secure EDI email to the ABF via SMTP using PHP. The content must be encrypted and signed using S/MIME (PKCS#7).

Here’s what ABF requires:

The MIME headers of the attachment must be:
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=”smime.p7m”
Content-Type: application/x-pkcs7-mime; smime-type=enveloped-data; name=”smime.p7m”
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
However, when the recipient downloads the attachment, the file should be named something like:
AA*****_202504021256.edi
How can I send an encrypted S/MIME email where:

MIME headers show the filename as smime.p7m, as required by the recipient

But the downloaded attachment is named like AA*****_202504021256.edi?

I use openssl_pkcs7_sign() and openssl_pkcs7_encrypt() in PHP to generate the .p7m file
$mail->addAttachment(‘ AA*****_202504021256.edi’, ‘smime.p7m’, ‘base64’, ‘application/x-pkcs7-mime; smime-type=enveloped-data’);

I am trying to add multiple listeners on an event in Laravel 12 which is something like this:

AppServiceProvider.php

use AppEventsFrontendOTPVerificationEvent;
use AppListenersFrontend{OTPOnMobileListener, OTPOnWhatsappListener};

class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider {
    ...

    /**
     * Bootstrap any application services.
     */
    public function boot(): void {
        Event::listen(OTPVerificationEvent::class, [
            [new OTPOnMobileListener, 'handle'],
            [new OTPOnWhatsappListener, 'handle'],
        ]);

        // --- OR ---

        Event::listen(OTPVerificationEvent::class, [
            new OTPOnMobileListener,
            new OTPOnWhatsappListener,
        ]);

        // --- OR ---

        Event::listen(OTPVerificationEvent::class, [
            OTPOnMobileListener::class,
            OTPOnWhatsappListener::class,
        ]);
    }
}

Events/Frontend/OTPVerificationEvent.php

class OTPVerificationEvent {
    /**
     * Public variables
     */
    public $mobile;
    public $mobileOtp;
    public $whatsappOtp;

    /**
     * Create a new event instance.
     */
    public function __construct($mobile, $mobileOtp, $whatsappOtp) {
        $this->mobile      = $mobile;
        $this->mobileOtp   = $mobileOtp;
        $this->whatsappOtp = $whatsappOtp;
    }

    /**
     * Get the channels the event should broadcast on.
     *
     * @return array<int, IlluminateBroadcastingChannel>
     */
    public function broadcastOn(): array {
        return [
            // new PrivateChannel('channel-name'),
        ];
    }
}

Listeners/Frontend/OTPOnMobileListener.php

class OTPOnMobileListener {
    /**
     * Handle the event.
     */
    public function handle(object $event): void {
        echo "<pre>";
        print_r($event);
        echo "</pre>n";
        exit;
    }
}

Listeners/Frontend/OTPOnWhatsappListener.php

class OTPOnWhatsappListener {
    /**
     * Handle the event.
     */
    public function handle(object $event): void {
        echo "<pre>";
        print_r($event);
        echo "</pre>n";
        exit;
    }
}

I am keep getting this error:

First array member is not a valid class name or object

In a Filament form I have the following field:

FileUpload::make('Files')
            ->acceptedFileTypes(self::$filetypes)
            ->disk('local')
            ->moveFiles()
            ->multiple(true)

Now before the form is submitted I want to validate the uploaded files based on their (original) names.

I have tried using ->rules() but that only takes effekt after submitting the form.

I have also tried using ->afterStateUpdated() like this:

->afterStateUpdated(function($state) {
    foreach($state as $idx => $file) {
        $filename = $file->getClientOriginalName();
        if($filename == 'test.csv') {
            $file->delete();
            unset($state[$idx]);
        }
    }
})

This works for deleting the files and probably would not submit them (I have not tried that)
but it does not update the field state to show that the file has been rejected.

Basically I’d want a $file->reject() method so that my field looks like this. The file in the image was rejected due to its size, so there must be a way to validate the files before submission.

I have created a new page , and added a new menu . however, i am not able to see the menu at the top of the page. firstpage is the new page.. i have to add a new menu thats newhomeheadermenu . I want to add this new menu to top of this new page . its not showing if i assigned the page to the menu .

How do I place the text after the shipping label on the WooCommerce shopping cart and checkout page? I mean the “Shipping” label (Not a method).

I can’t seem to find the answer to my question. I can add the code to the file cart-shipping.php but this is wrong.

I will be glad of your help!

For 3 days, the characters with French accents no longer appear and are replaced by a �.
Everything was fine before.
In phpmyadmin the display is correct.
It’s only on the remote server, in local all is fine.

In doctrine.yaml there are indeed the indications:

   default_table_options:
                charset: utf8mb4
                collation: utf8mb4_unicode_ci

and in the entities in the header:

#[ORM Table(options: ["collate" => "utf8mb4_unicode_ci", "charset" => "utf8mb4"])]
#[ORM Entity(repositoryClass: Equi‍peadminRepository::class)]

I updated the vendor via composer update.

How to correct this sudden problem?

Thank you for your answers.
Best regards

I have followed instructions here https://filamentphp.com/docs/3.x/forms/advanced#dependant-select-options to make a select form dependable from another field in the Edit form. Here is the code of the select field workflow_transition_id dependable from workflow_id TextInput field, which works as expected:

This is in the resource.php

Select::make('workflow_id')
    ->options(Workflow::all()->pluck('name', 'id'))
    ->label('Workflow')
    ->searchable()
    ->preload()
    ->live()
    ->required(),
TextInput::make('workflow_status_id')
    ->label('Current Status')
    ->live()
    ->hiddenOn('create'),
Select::make('workflow_transition_id')
    ->relationship(
        name: 'workflow.workflow_transitions',
        titleAttribute: 'name',
        modifyQueryUsing: fn (Builder $query, Get $get) => $query->where('workflow_id', $get('workflow_id')),
    )
    ->label('New status')
    ->disabled(fn(Get $get) : bool => ! filled($get('workflow_id')))
    ->searchable()
    ->preload()
    ->required(),

Now, I want to make the select field workflow_transition_id dependable from one additional field workflow_status_id. To accomplish this, modified the “modifyQueryUsing” attribute by passing a second Get argument and adding a second **where **clause:

modifyQueryUsing: fn (Builder $query, Get $get, Get $get2) => $query->where('workflow_id', $get('workflow_id'))->where('from_workflow_status_id', $get2('workflow_status_id')),

After doing this, I get this error from Laravel:

Typed property FilamentFormsComponentsComponent::$container must not be accessed before initialization

Perhaps I am doing something that I am yet to spot it.

If I try to hardcode $get2('workflow_status_id') by a valid workflow id (i.e. 2), then it works.

I have also tried to use the option attribute (instead of the relationship) and I get the same error:

->options(function(Get $get, Get $get2) { return WorkflowTransition::where('workflow_id', $get('workflow_id'))->where('from_workflow_status_id', $get2('workflow_status_id'))->pluck('name'); })

This is in the edit form which means this workflow_status_id comes from the DB.

I have gone over several Stackoverflow, Google, Laracasts, Filamentphp website and other forums and I have not seen anybody implementing a dependable select with 2 dependent fields.

I am using:

• Filament 3.3.29
• PHP 8.4.8