Osborne to defend cuts proposals

George OsborneGeorge Osborne is due to address the Conservative conference later on Monday

Chancellor George Osborne is expected to say his plans to cut the UK’s debt are a “means to an end [of] prosperity for all” when he addresses the Conservative conference.

He is expected to say Labour’s proposal for reducing spending more slowly meant their cuts “wouldn’t be smaller – they would be bigger and last longer”.

Mr Osborne, whose speech comes two weeks before the spending review settting out proposed cuts, will also stress measures to get Britain’s “economy moving again”.

He is expected to say that if he now adopted Labour policy there would be “market turmoil, the flight of investors… the return of crippling instability, Britain on the brink”.

Mr Osborne is expected to add that the UK is already paying £120m debt interest every day to foreign governments “so they can build the schools and hospitals for their own citizens that we aren’t able to afford for ours”.

He will contrast his action “in the national interest” with new Labour leader Ed Miliband’s policy designed for the “vested interests” of the “trade union leaders who put him where he is”.

And Mr Osborne will claim that not only a string of global and British economic and business organisations agree with him, but also “one of the Miliband brothers, Tony Blair and the British people”.

Mr Osborne’s speech comes the day after Prime Minister David Cameron indicated that some universal benefits – such as child benefit – could face cuts to help fund long-term welfare changes.

The chancellor, who has spent weeks embroiled in negotiations with ministers facing departmental budget cuts of up to 40%, will seek to stress the future benefits of tackling the deficit.

He is expected to say there would be spending in a “green investment bank”, in transport schemes and in bringing in the pupil premium “so that the poorest in our country have access to the kind of education currently only available to the richest”.

Spending review branding

A special BBC News season examining the approaching cuts to public sector spending

Welfare benefit reforms unveiled Spending Review: Making It Clear

“Britain has no divine right to be one of the richest countries in the world… we will do everything to make Britain one of the most competitive places in the world to do business,” he will add.

Mr Osborne is set to add: “The hard economic choices we make are but a means to an end, and that end is prosperity for all.

“The foundations of a strong economy don’t rest alone on the decisions of ministers… they come from the most basic human instincts of all. The aspiration to have a better life, to get a better job, to give your children a better future.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

BT seeks out UK’s fibre hotspots

Communities that are keen to obtain fibre-based broadband are being asked to publicly declare their desire for high-speed net access.

BT will log responses to a website to get a better idea of the potential demand for fibre-based services.

The telecoms firm said the results would influence its future plans on where it deploys the technology.

Related stories

BT said it would commit to wire up the five exchanges showing the highest demand for fibre.

It said this could mean that commercially viable exchanges would be the first to get the fibre-based service or that exchanges thought to be non-viable would be added to its deployment plans.

The survey, dubbed The Race to Infinity, will start early this month and run until the end of the year.

BT has set up a website through which individuals and communities can express their desire to have their area fibred up.

The site will host a leader board showing which exchanges are gathering the most votes.

BT is committed to putting £2.5bn into next-generation broadband; the target is to extend its reach to 70% of homes in the UK. Fibre will be connected to these homes with different technologies.

Some will get fibre direct to their home (known as FTTH) but others will have the cables connected to a street cabinet (FTTC) and the last few metres will be over old-fashioned copper cables.

Andrew Ferguson, editor of broadband news site ThinkBroadband, said the scheme had superficial similarities to a campaign BT carried out when broadband was initially being rolled out.

“While that campaign saw thousands of exchanges enabled, the current aim for this survey is to enable five exchange areas for FTTC by 2012 at the latest,” he said.

Campaigners involved in the first BT broadband survey were starting to re-emerge and get involved all over again, said Mr Ferguson.

He pointed out that although The Race to Infinity was a BT Retail campaign, other internet service providers were not banned from taking part and could table their own suggestions for exchanges to be connected up.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Driving test changes introduced

L-plate being ripped upThe Driving Standards Agency says the test will now involve more realistic situations

Changes to the driving test coming into effect across the UK later will see learners following a route “independently”.

Candidates will not receive step-by-step directions from their examiner during the 10-minute section.

Test route maps will no longer appear online but the Driving Standards Agency says learners can ask for reminders and will not be failed for getting lost.

The number of reversing manoeuvres tested is to rise from two to three.

The DSA says the introduction of an independent driving part of the test will allow examiners to better assess whether drivers are ready to drive unsupervised.

It says candidates will be tested on their ability to drive in more realistic situations, rather than memorising a pre-defined test route.

DSA chief driving examiner Trevor Wedge said the aim was to see a candidate’s “ability to drive safely while making decisions independently”.

“It’s not a test of navigation and candidates won’t be failed for going off route,” he said.

“The test is being improved to help produce safer drivers, but that doesn’t mean it’s getting any harder. We know many instructors are already teaching independent driving.”

‘Necessary skills’

Peter Rodger, chief examiner of the Institute of Advanced Motorists, welcomed the change and said it would indicate how candidates coped with “an integral part of day-to-day driving”.

But he urged the DSA to make testing on rural roads a compulsory element of the test, saying research has shown up to 75% of accidents take place there.

Road safety minister Mike Penning said: “We want all new drivers to be able to drive safely and independently and are considering how both training and testing can be improved to achieve this.”

He said the independent driving assessment gave test candidates the chance to show they have the “necessary skills to cope with the sort of traffic conditions they will face every day”.

Meanwhile, the Association of British Insurers is calling for the learning period for new drivers to be at least one year.

In a poll of 2,500 people commissioned by the ABI, 75% thought not letting new drivers take the test for 12 months would help to reduce high death and serious injury rates among young motorists while 69% backed restrictions on the number of passengers newly-qualified drivers could carry.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Nigeria bombing suspects named

Nigerian President Goodluck JonathanMr Jonathan said a terrorist group outside Nigeria committed the attacks

Nigerian police have named two men suspected of organising car bombings which killed at least 12 people in Abuja on Friday.

The police said Chima Orlu and Ben Jessy were Nigerian but gave no further details about the men.

President Goodluck Jonathan had earlier blamed “a small terrorist group that resides outside Nigeria” for the blast.

His comments cast doubts on an earlier claim of responsibility by the militant group Mend.

A statement, claiming to speak for the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (Mend), had claimed responsibility for the bombings during celebrations in the capital on the 50th anniversary of independence.

The group apparently sent a warning shortly before the blasts, saying “several explosive devices have been successfully planted in and around the venue by our operatives working inside the government security services”.

A former leader of the militant group, Henry Okah, has been arrested in South Africa in connection with the bombings.

Mr Okah told the BBC on Friday that his group, which says it is fighting for a fairer distribution of Nigeria’s oil wealth, was not responsible.

Mr Okah is expected to be appear in court in Johannesburg on Monday.

However, on Sunday President Jonathan said in a statement that investigations had shown that members of Mend said “they know nothing” about claiming responsibility for the attacks.

Senior commanders in the group, who are abiding by a ceasefire with the government, have told the BBC they condemn the bombs.

In the ceasefire agreement signed last year, former fighters were offered an amnesty and small amounts of cash in return for handing in their weapons.

The BBC’s Caroline Duffield in Lagos says that Mr Okah is believed to lead a tiny faction of Mend that is opposed to the amnesty.

Some Mend commanders are infuriated that what they see as a tiny, violent faction apparently claims to speak for the whole group, our correspondent says.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Change call on police complaints

Police officers genericGuidelines setting out a new system for complaints will be published next year

The man in charge of monitoring complaints about Scotland’s police officers has called for a change in the way cases are dealt with.

Professor John McNeill said the focus should be on education and improvement in future, rather than blame.

The Police Complaints Commissioner’s comments come as figures show an annual rise in the number of people unhappy at the way their complaints were handled.

The number of people asking him to review their complaints rose by 19%.

Related stories

This brings the total number of cases Prof McNeill has been asked to look into to 133 for the year ending March 2010, his annual report revealed.

During the same period the commissioner wrote 69 reports relating to 362 complaints about the behaviour of police and quality of service received by members of the public.

He found that in two out of three cases, the complaints had been handled “reasonably” by police.

However, in his foreword to the report, Prof McNeill called for a fundamental shift in the way forces cope with complaints.

“One of the major pieces of work for next year will be the publication of Statutory Guidance to Scotland’s police that will help to create a police complaints system that embraces learning rather than blame,” he said.

“I have laid out my stall and made it quite clear that I want to set standards for the way police handle complaints and, when something has gone wrong, I want to help the police learn lessons and improve the way they work.

Later in the foreword, he wrote: “As part of my stock take, I have considered my role in modernising police complaints handling, as called for by the justice secretary.

“In this vein, I am pleased that work is under way to establish the changes that could be made to create a police complaints system that embraces learning rather than blame.”

Of the 133 cases the commissioner was asked to look into, 44 were for Strathclyde Police followed by 21 for Northern Constabulary.

A spokeswoman for the commissioner said: “This is because Strathclyde is the largest force by number of officers and the most densely populated.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Remembering Donald Dewar

Brian TaylorBy Brian Taylor

Donald Dewar, pictured a month before his deathMr Dewar died from a brain haemorrhage 10 years ago

Some things stay with you – and I recall only too well the events surrounding Donald Dewar’s death a decade ago.

I recall the early indications that he had been taken to hospital “as a precaution” following a fall on the pavement outside his official residence on 10 October, 2000.

I recall the mounting concern as he was transferred to a neuro-surgical unit.

I recall the phone conversations late into the night in search of information, the emerging evidence that the situation was hopeless.

I recall bustling around the old BBC newsroom, in Glasgow’s Queen Margaret Drive, in the early hours of the 11th, advising nobody in particular: “Present tense, present tense.” By that, I meant, of course, that the first minister was still alive, had not yet passed.

I recall the sombre, formal announcement by David Whitton, his voice breaking.

I recall that we extended our lunchtime TV programme on the 11th, staying on air for that announcement and the aftermath.

Now, 10 years on, I have been revisiting those events, speaking to those who were most closely and directly involved.

Donald Dewar campaigned for decades to restore Scotland’s Parliament.

Donald Dewar

Donald Dewar’s speech on the opening day of the Scottish Parliament

He argued for devolution long before it was established orthodoxy within his own Labour Party.

But, with his objective achieved, he was to spend just one year as first minister in that new, devolved democracy.

He died from a brain haemorrhage. With grim irony, the internal bleeding prompted by the fall was worsened by medication which he was taking to help counter a cardiac condition.

He had undergone heart surgery earlier in the year.

For my programme, I have spoken to Sam Galbraith.

He was a close friend of Donald Dewar, a cabinet colleague – and a neuro-surgeon.

He first spotted that the first minister was ailing in the spring of 2000 – and told him to seek help.

Marion Dewar

Marion Dewar says she was touched by the public display of sympathy

I have spoken to David Whitton, then a special adviser to the first minister, now an MSP, who tells the inside story of a developing tragedy.

I hear from Gordon Brown, then chancellor, later prime minister. He explains how the news of Donald Dewar’s illness shocked his friends and colleagues in Scotland and further afield.

And I have spoken to Marion Dewar, the late first minister’s daughter.

In her first full interview since her father’s death, she tells of the sadness at a life cut short. She tells of the emotion she experienced when the crowds lining the streets for her dad’s funeral burst into applause as the coffin passed.

She tells, too, of her father’s sense of fun. Not something, she concedes, for which he was perhaps universally renowned.

Then the legacy. Donald Dewar died after a single, troubled year in office as first minister, dogged by controversies like Clause 28 and the Holyrood building project.

Gordon Brown

Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown reflects on the loss of a friend

He died before devolution could be thoroughly road-tested, in success and adversity.

Yet now, 10 years on, the political structure he created has endured, entrenched within Scottish politics.

John Swinney, then leader of the SNP, now finance secretary in the Scottish government, pays tribute to Donald Dewar’s endeavours – even although, of course, he would want to go much further down the road of Scottish self-government.

I hear from Donald Dewar’s Liberal Democrat coalition deputy, Jim Wallace, and from the then Conservative leader David McLetchie.

And I’ve been to Drumchapel, in the late first minister’s former Glasgow constituency.

Folk there remember Donald Dewar’s constant effort to help them – and his personal fondness for sweeties.

Ten years on, I can think of worse tributes.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Warning of new bank bail-out risk

London's financial districtThe NEF says another taxpayer bail-out of the banks is a possibility

The UK’s banks are having to borrow billions of pounds a month and face a growing funding gap, according to the New Economics Foundation (NEF).

The think tank says that by next year banks will face a £25 billion funding gap and that could force them to seek more support from the state.

It says the cost of propping up the banking sector is £1.2 trillion.

Its report, Where did our money go?, says there has been a shocking lack of information on how money has been used.

It also says that new lending to households and firms has stagnated and that interest rates for these borrowers is higher than it was before the economic crisis.

The NEF calls for urgent reform of the sector and warns that the results of the current inquiries – such as the Independent Commission on Banking (ICB), which began its work last Friday – will come too late.

The ICB is expected to produce its report next September.

The NEF’s report comes as banks are coming under growing pressure to put aside more cash to boost their capital strength.

The Basel III capital rules will force banks to increase the buffer cash they hold.

Tony Greenham, head of the finance and business programme at the NEF, said: “The public have already paid for the failure of the banks twice, first by bailing them out and then by suffering a programme of drastic cuts to public services to appease the financial markets.”

He says urgent reforms are needed, including splitting retail operations from more risky investment banking and breaking up “too-big-to-fail” institutions.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Dilma takes early lead in Brazil

President Lula (C) and Dilma Rousseff (L) in Sao Bernardo do Campo, 02/10President Lula (C) has thrown his support behind Dilma Rousseff (L)

Brazilians are preparing to elect the successor to President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, who is stepping down after two terms in office.

Mr Lula’s favoured successor, his former chief of staff Dilma Rousseff, is widely expected to win the election.

But she needs 50% of the vote to avoid a run-off poll later this month.

Analysts say Ms Rousseff has run a careful campaign, benefiting from Mr Lula’s widespread popularity and the country’s booming economy.

Opposition candidate Jose Serra, of the Social Democratic Party, has pinned his hopes on getting enough votes to force a second round.

The latest polls published on Saturday suggested Ms Rousseff’s attempt to win enough votes to avoid a run-off vote on 31 October would be extremely tight.

O Globo newspaper’s prediction had Ms Rousseff winning 51% of the vote, with Mr Serra on 31%; the Folha de Sao Paulo newspaper poll put Ms Rousseff on 50% and Mr Serra on 31%.

Polls have consistently suggested Ms Rousseff would win a second round by a wide margin, but analysts say her position would be strengthened if she can win outright on Sunday.

Brazil, one of the world’s most-populous democracies, is also choosing local and national representatives in the election.

Brazil Elections: 3 OctoberPresidential first round (second round on 31 October if no candidate gets at least 50% +1 of valid votes)Governors of all 26 states and the federal districtRepresentatives of state legislatures513 federal deputiesTwo-thirds (54) of the 81 Senate seatsBrazil election: Candidate profiles Expert views: Brazil’s challenges How Lula changed Brazil

Most polling stations open at 0800 (1100 GMT), with some in the far east opening an hour earlier, and others in the west an hour later.

Polling stations use machines to log the votes, and preliminary results are expected within hours of the stations closing at 1700 local time.

Ms Rousseff, of the ruling Workers’ Party, saw her lead in the opinion polls slip in the final days of campaigning after corruption allegations surfaced involving a former aide.

But her campaign has been boosted by energetic support from Mr Lula, who is constitutionally barred from standing for a third consecutive term.

“I’m convinced the majority of people want continuity from the government,” Mr Lula told a rally on Friday.

“That’s why I think Dilma will win.”

Brazil: Key FactsEconomy: Set for some 7.5% growth this yearResources: Top exporter of sugar, poultry and beef; major producer of iron oreEnvironment: Amazon rainforest makes Brazil a key presence in climate talksInternational voice: Growing ties with Africa and Middle East; supporter of G20 roleSport: Hosts football World Cup in 2014 and Olympic Games in 2016

Ms Rousseff, 62, served as Mr Lula’s chief of staff from 2005 until this year, and is a career civil servant. Her tilt at the presidency is her first attempt at elected office.

During the 1960s and 1970s she was involved in the armed struggle against Brazil’s military rulers, and was jailed for three years.

The 68-year-old Mr Serra is hugely experienced, having served as Sao Paulo mayor, Sao Paulo state governor and health minister under President Fernando Henrique Cardoso. He lost the presidential election in a run-off to Mr Lula in 2002.

Two other candidates for the presidency are trailing far behind in the polls.

Marina Silva of the Green Party and Plinio de Arruda Sampaio of the Socialism and Freedom Party are not expected to trouble the frontrunners.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Nato oil tankers hit in Pakistan

Suspected militants in Pakistan kill six people and destroy oil tankers bound for Nato troops in Afghanistan, in a night attack near Islamabad.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Vigil for US sex video student

New Jersey’s Rutgers University is to hold a candlelight vigil for Tyler Clementi, a first-year student who killed himself after fellow students allegedly filmed him having sex with a man.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Peru air crash kills four Britons

Breaking news

Four British tourists have been killed in a plane crash near one of Peru’s top tourist sites, police have said.

The Cessna aircraft crashed in a field in an area around the Nazca Lines on Saturday after engine trouble.

Police said the British passengers – three men and one woman – and the Peruvian pilot and co-pilot all died.

The Nazca Lines, which are about 240 miles (385km) south-east of Lima, are one of Peru’s leading attractions and only fully visible from the air.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Rahm Emanuel confirms Chicago bid

Rahm EmanuelRahm Emanuel was President Obama’s right-hand man

US President Barack Obama’s former Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel says he is preparing to run for Chicago mayor.

Mr Emanuel made the announcement in a video posted on his website, ChicagoforRahm.com.

The move was widely expected as Mr Emanuel has made no secret of his desire to one day run for mayor.

Mr Emanuel – who has a reputation for brashness – is a native of Chicago and represented Illinois’ 5th district in Congress for six years.

“I’m going to spend the next few weeks visiting our neighbourhoods”

Rahm EmanuelProfile: Rahm EmanuelWho has left the White House so far?

Pundits have tipped Mr Emanuel to replace Richard M Daley, since the latter announced on 7 September that he would be stepping down.

In the video, Mr Emanuel said: “I’m going to spend the next few weeks visiting our neighbourhoods (in Chicago) – at grocery stores, L stops (metro), bowling alleys, and hot dog stands”.

“I’m calling this the ‘Tell It Like It Is’ tour, because I want to hear from you – in blunt, Chicago terms – what you think about our city, and how the next mayor and you, can make it better.”

He said that “it was a great honour to work for” President Barack Obama, but he was now “glad to be home”.

“Leading Chicago would be a great responsibility and a tremendous privilege,” Mr Emanuel said.

Earlier this year, he admitted that “one day I would like to run for mayor of the city of Chicago.”

“That’s always been an aspiration of mine even when I was in the House of Representatives.”

In his video, Mr Emanuel also paid to tribute to Mr Daley, his long-time political ally.

“Chicago’s a world-class city today because of Mayor Daley’s leadership. He deserves our appreciation.”

Mr Daley – who has been mayor of Chicago since 1989 – announced last month that he would not seek a seventh term.

The mayoral election is due to be held in February 2011.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Woman canoeist dies on river trip

A woman has died after going missing while canoeing with friends on a river near the border between Staffordshire and Cheshire.

West Midlands Ambulance Service was called to reports of a missing canoeist on the River Dane, near Gradbach, Buxton, at about 1430 BST on Sunday.

The woman – who has not been named – was found in the water about a quarter of a mile down river an hour later.

Attempts to save her failed and she was confirmed dead at the scene.

A West Midlands Ambulance Service spokeswoman said: “The woman had reportedly been canoeing on the River Dane with friends when the incident happened.

“Staff from ambulance, fire and rescue, police and mountain rescue services worked together on scene to help locate [her].”

Rescue boats and a police helicopter with a thermal imaging camera were also used in the search, they added.

“Unfortunately, despite the best efforts of ambulance crews and fellow emergency service personnel, nothing could be done to save the woman.”

The rescue mission also involved ambulance crews from a neighbouring county as well as fire and rescue services and police from Staffordshire, Derbyshire and Cheshire.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Hague: Coalition was right choice

The creation of the coalition was “right” and a better choice than a minority Tory government “muddling through”, Foreign Secretary William Hague has said.

He told the Conservative Party conference in Birmingham that the AV voting system referendum would be held with the Conservatives honouring their word.

But he added that they would recommend to voters that they reject any change to the current voting system.

Mr Hague said the coalition was now trying to clear up the “miserable mess” left to it by Labour, saying George Osborne had been able to tackle the deficit “in the nick of time”.

Mr Hague said that after the election “we could have tried that day to play the situation in our own party interest, to have attempted to run a minority government for a few months and hoped a snap election could produce something better”.

“Like Labour in the 70s, we could have tried to muddle through. But this party, the Conservative Party, has never been about narrow party interest. We exist to serve the country, to do the right thing by Britain as a whole.

“What would it have meant for Britain, a weak government with an uncertain future presiding over a tottering economy with markets panicking and debt out of control and no guarantee that we could even pass a budget?

“That choice would have been the choice of irresponsibility, of putting party before country.”

Mr Hague paid tribute to Lib Dem leader Nick Clegg for deciding to go into coalition government.

He concluded: “While Labour stands alone once again for vested interest, our government has come together in the national interest. Once again the Conservative Party, this time in coalition, has the task of arresting and reversing a national decline. And once again we will show the world that Britain can do it.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Cuts protest at Tory conference

David Cameron, left, on the Andrew Marr Show in Birmingham on SundayMr Cameron left the BBC to launch his party’s conference at the ICC

A protest is to be held in Birmingham against public spending cuts as the Conservative conference gets under way in the city.

Initiated by the Right to Work Campaign, it is backed by trade unions and the Labour Representation Committee, a spokesman said.

Organisers say they are angry at not being allowed to march past the ICC, where the conference is taking place.

West Midlands Police was not available immediately to comment on security.

However, a Conservative spokesman said they had a right to peaceful protest.

The protesters said they were frustrated at not being able to march near the conference venue.

“We feel that this is a violation of the right to freedom of speech and our rights to protest peacefully against the government,” a spokesman said.

“Peaceful protest is a vital part of a democratic society and people have taken their opposition to Government actions to their conferences for decades.”

In a statement, a spokesman for the Conservative party said: “Everybody has the right to peaceful protest.

“Birmingham is a welcoming city for all – regardless of their political views.”

Opponents of the new high-speed rail link are also joining the protest.

Stop HS2 campaigner Lizzy Williams is to walk the branch line into Birmingham to coincide with her arrival at the protest march through part of the city centre.

The proposed railway route was announced in March and is scheduled to go from London’s Euston Station, to just south of Aylesbury, up to between Coventry and Kenilworth, and then into a new station in the Eastside area of Birmingham.

But some residents in Warwickshire, Staffordshire, Northamptonshire and Buckinghamshire are against the scheme.

Ms Williams has been walking the route throughout September meeting other campaigners along the way.

Ahead of the four-day Tory conference starting, the prime minister has urged people to put public spending cuts “into perspective”.

Chancellor George Osborne will outline the government’s plans on 20 October.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.