US not defending gay marriage ban

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The US government says it will no longer defend in the courts a law which bans the recognition of same sex marriage.

US Attorney General Eric Holder said the administration would no longer defend the Defense of Marriage Act (Doma).

Doma defines marriage as “only a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife”.

Until now the US has defended the law in challenges to its constitutionality.

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Obama condemns crackdown in Libya

US President Barack Obama

Mr Obama said the US strongly supported the universal rights of the Libyan people

US President Barack Obama has said the violent crackdown by the Libyan authorities on peaceful protesters is “outrageous and unacceptable”.

Mr Obama said the world had to speak with “one voice”, and that the US was drawing up a range of options for action in consultation with its allies.

The Libyan government would be held accountable for its actions, he added.

His comments came as Muammar Gaddafi battled to keep control of western Libya, including the capital, Tripoli.

Opposition protesters – supported by many defecting government troops – have consolidated their control of the east of the country.

Residents of Tripoli have said they are too frightened to venture out, because of fears that pro-government forces will shoot them on sight.

The International Federation for Human Rights says at least 700 people have died in Libya since the uprising began.

Thousands of foreigners are still trying to flee Libya through ports, airports and the Tunisian and Egyptian borders.

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Bodleian given le Carré archive

John le Carré Le Carré is the pen name of David John Moore Cornwell
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The novelist John le Carré has donated his literary archive to Oxford University’s Bodleian Library.

Le Carré, 79, said he was “delighted” to hand over his works to his former university.

The display will include handwritten and typed drafts of one of his best known works, Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy.

Eighty-five boxes have been delivered to the library, and more material, such as personal and family papers, photos and correspondence will follow later.

Private photos of le Carré with Alec Guinness, who starred in the 1979 BBC series of the novel, will be on show.

Manuscripts of two of the writer’s own favourites, The Constant Gardener and The Tailor of Panama, will also feature in the display.

Le Carré said: “I am delighted to be able to do this. Oxford was Smiley’s [le Carré’s fictional intelligence officer] spiritual home, as it is mine.

“And while I have the greatest respect for American universities, the Bodleian is where I shall most happily rest.”

Richard Ovenden, Keeper of Special Collections and Associate Director of the Bodleian Libraries, said: “We are enormously grateful that John le Carré has made his archive available to the Bodleian.

“It is compelling primary evidence of a major cultural contribution to a literary genre and will offer scholars important insights into his work.

“We hope the collection will also be appreciated more widely, through exhibitions, seminars and conferences as well as through digitisation initiatives.”

Le Carré is the pen name of David John Moore Cornwell.

During the 1950s and the 1960s he worked for MI5 and MI6.

When his third novel The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (1963) became an international best-seller, he left MI6 to become a full-time author.

Le Carré has written 22 novels. They have been translated into 36 languages.

He studied languages at Lincoln College, Oxford.

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Complaints and race crimes rise

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Grampian Police has been told to take action after a large rise in complaints against officers and reports of racially-motivated crimes.

Complaints against officers increased by almost 70% from just under 300 in 2006/07 to almost 500 in 2009/10, according to a new report.

The number of reported racially-motivated crimes rose from 449 to 879.

However, detection rates improved from 59.9% in 2006/07 to 69.3%, above the the Scottish average.

The Accounts Commission and Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary for Scotland compiled the report.

It said Grampian Police and the joint police board performed well, but that more progress could be made.

The report said that the force considers members of the public are more prepared to make complaints because they have confidence in its willingness to deal with them.

“Levels of public satisfaction are high and improving and, overall, crime rates in the area are falling”

Andrew Laing Her Majesty’s Inspector of Constabulary

It said that evidence suggests that the force was meticulous in recording complaints and this, coupled with changes in recording processes, may have accounted for some of the increase.

The report revealed an overall reduction in recorded crimes since 2006/07 and crimes of violence, indecency, dishonesty and reckless behaviour were at their lowest level for seven years.

Her Majesty’s Inspector of Constabulary, Andrew Laing, said: “Grampian Police force is performing well and demonstrates many of the elements of best value.

“Levels of public satisfaction are high and improving and, overall, crime rates in the area are falling.

“However, it is unclear why recorded instances of racially-motivated crime and complaints against the police have increased and the force should make further efforts to understand and explain this.”

The force and the board are to produce an improvement plan to show how they intend to address the findings.

Chief Constable Colin McKerracher said: “This is an excellent report that acknowledges the tremendous effort that has gone into our strategy for delivering the highest quality of policing for the people of the north east of Scotland.

“Over the past few years we have seen our officer numbers rise, crime rates across the region fall to a seven-year low and with detection rates for violent crime at their highest level over the same period.”

The force said it recognised and acknowledged the areas for improvement.

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Perth’s city status call backed

PerthPerth is an “ecclesiastical city” because it has a cathedral, but is legally a town
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Scottish political leaders are joining the call for Perth to be made Scotland’s seventh city.

First Minister Alex Salmond and other leading Scottish politicians are due to join the provost of Perth and Kinross to sign a special charter.

This will ask for Perth’s city status to be restored. It was removed in 1975 as part of a local government reorganisation.

The town has entered a UK-wide competition to be made a city again.

But there will be only one winner of the competition, which was set up to mark the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee next year.

Civic leaders have cited Perth’s achievements in business, the arts and sport, which they say have made the town a thriving, dynamic place in which to live and work.

They hope the special charter being signed later will help convince those awarding the prize.

Perth, which celebrated its 800th anniversary last year, is an “ecclesiastical city” because it has a cathedral, but is legally considered a town.

Perth and Kinross Council launched a claim for formal city status in 2005 after a search of its archives uncovered the “Golden Charter” of 1600 to back its claim.

In December the bid was debated by MPs in the House of Commons when Perth and North Perthshire MP Pete Wishart said it was disappointing that the UK government was only offering city status to one candidate from across the UK.

Scotland currently has six cities. The newest are Stirling and Inverness, which joined Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh and Glasgow.

City status is a reserved matter and is granted by the Queen under royal prerogative on advice from ministers.

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Most locked-in patients ‘happy’

EyeLocked-in patients can communicate only with their eyes
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The majority of people with locked-in syndrome are happy, a small study suggests.

The disease “traps” people in their own body, able to think, but incapable of moving or talking.

The study of 65 patients, published online by the British Medical Journal, found 72% reported being happy – with just 7% wanting help to commit suicide.

Experts said it showed it would be unwise to make assumptions about people’s mental state.

The findings could also have implications on the assisted suicide debate, the researchers said.

However, they warned that there could be some bias in the study with the most unhappy patients refusing to take part.

The participants, from the French Association for Locked in Syndrome, responded by blinking or moving their eyes.

Locked in SyndromeCondition in which patient is mute and totally paralysed, except for eye movements, but remains consciousUsually results from massive haemorrhage or other damage, affecting upper part of brain stem, which destroys almost all motor function, but leaves the higher mental functions intact

About half of those questioned, 55%, had recovered some speech and 70% had recovered some limb movement.

The majority, 72%, said they were happy and 68% said they never had suicidal thoughts.

The longer people were locked-in, the more likely they were to be happy.

Researchers at the University of Liège, Belgium, said: “We suggest that patients recently struck by the syndrome should be informed that, given proper care, they have a considerable chance of regaining a happy life.

“In our view, shortening of life requests are valid only when the patients have been give a chance to attain a steady state of subjective wellbeing.”

Dr Adrian Owen, from the Centre for the Brain and Mind at the University of Western Ontario, said: “This is an extremely important study with a clear message – we cannot, and should not, presume to know what it must be like to be in one of these conditions.

“I think most of us feel that life in a lifeless body would not be a life worth living, but this study demonstrates that this is not always the case.

“On the basis of the results, it would be unwise for us to make assumptions about the mental state of those individuals.”

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‘Person warming up tea’ takes One Show off air

Alex Jones and Matt BakerPresenter Alex Jones later explained the reason for the interruption on Twitter
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BBC One’s The One Show was taken off air when a fire alarm went off during Wednesday’s live broadcast.

Presenters Matt Baker and Alex Jones were interviewing actress Tamsin Greig at the time.

After several minutes of confusion, the 7pm show was taken off air and a recording of cooking show Simple Suppers filled in.

Later Jones revealed on Twitter: “Somebody was warming their tea up and the microwave set off the alarm!”

She added: “That’s live telly for you!”

A BBC spokesman said there had been no fire at the BBC studio in White City, west London, where the weekday magazine show is filmed, but a handful of people had been evacuated.

She said: “The One Show went off air tonight due to a fire alarm. We apologise to viewers for the interruption and normal service was resumed on BBC One as soon as possible.”

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Wall Street cash bonuses down 8%

Wall StreetThere is a move towards deferred bonuses for Wall Street bankers

Cash bonuses for Wall Street bankers fell by 9% to an average $128,530 (£79,259) in 2010, according to New York state Comptroller Thomas DiNapoli.

“Cash bonuses are down, but that’s not an indicator of a weakness on Wall Street,” said Mr DiNapoli.

He also said financial reforms meant a shift toward more deferred compensation and higher base salaries.

And despite calls for restraint overall compensation, including stock awards, grew by 6% in 2010.

“The industry’s greater emphasis on deferred compensation will hold down tax collections this year, but the state and the city will benefit in future years when taxes are paid on this deferred compensation,” said Mr DiNapoli.

There was considerable outrage in the US last year when it was revealed that bankers cash bonuses rose by 17% in 2009, despite many financial institutions being bailed out by the taxpayer.

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Clashes erupt amid Greece strike

Athens protest rally and police cordon, 23 Feb 11More than 30,000 protesters marched to the Greek parliament

Police in Athens have fired tear gas to disperse demonstrators hurling petrol bombs and stones as a 24-hour general strike grips Greece.

The violence erupted during a rally by more than 30,000 angry workers near the Greek parliament. They object to the government’s far-reaching budget cuts.

The strike paralysed public transport. More than 100 flights were cancelled.

Many schools are closed and hospitals have reduced services. Small businesses have joined in, closing many shops.

It is Greece’s first major labour protest this year, as the government sticks to austerity cuts demanded under the terms of the country’s international bail-out.

The Socialist government of Prime Minister George Papandreou is cutting spending and raising taxes to reduce its debt mountain.

In May last year Greece secured a 110bn-euro (£93bn; $150bn) bail-out from the European Union and International Monetary Fund.

A series of general strikes took place last year as the government embarked on an economic austerity programme that will last several years.

The deputy leader of Greece’s big GSEE union, Stathis Anestis, said the government measures were “harsh and unfair”.

“We are facing long-term austerity, with high unemployment and destabilising our social structure,” he told the Associated Press news agency.

“What is increasing is the level of anger and desperation… If these harsh policies continue, so will we.”

This year the government is making a special effort to crack down on widespread tax evasion – one of the major reasons for its revenue shortfall.

The government says it expects the economy to shrink by up to 3% this year.

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Cost of supply staff ‘hit £293m’

Secondary children on a computerThe Department for Education said the use of supply teachers was a local decision

Secondary schools in England spent £293m on supply teachers last year – the equivalent of nearly £100,000 per school, the Taxpayers’ Alliance says.

The campaign group found schools in deprived areas – where more than 30% of pupils were eligible for free school meals – spent more than £140,000 each.

It said those children most in need of stable teaching were the most likely to be taught by a range of teachers.

The government said the cost was just a fraction of the £30.4bn schools budget.

The findings are based on analysis of government spending data for 2009/10.

The alliance’s report said: “It is clear that although spending on both types of teachers (regular and supply) increases with deprivation, the increase is far greater with respect to supply teachers.

“There may be any number of reasons for this, for example schools in deprived areas find it harder to fill full-time positions and there is increased time off for sickness.

“But the simple conclusion is that the children who need good, stable teaching most, are the most likely to have instability in their teachers.”

The analysis by the Taxpayer’s Alliance, which lobbies for lower taxes and greater government efficiency, found little apparent correlation between pupil funding and academic achievement.

“Many areas that have low attainment are those with the highest funding per pupil,” the report said.

This supports “anecdotal views that simply throwing money at schools is not what is needed to improve pupil achievement”, it said.

The report also found that a “pupil premium” already exists in schools, with schools that have more than 30% of pupils on free school meals receiving 26% more per pupil in funding than others.

Last year, ministers announced plans to introduce a new “pupil premium” with schools getting an extra £430 from next year for every child from a less privileged background.

Simon Cook, author of the report, said: “It is clear that schools in more deprived areas are getting a substantial premium in terms of funding, but most aren’t able to overcome the challenges of working with more deprived children and deliver better results.

“It is really important that more information like this is released so that we can have a real, informed debate about how we can make public services work.”

Matthew Sinclair, director of the Taxpayers’ Alliance, said: “Many parents are very concerned when they see their children being taught by a series of different supply teachers, rather than enjoying a stable learning environment with a regular teacher.”

A spokeswoman for the Department for Education said: “It is down to schools and local authorities to decide on their use of supply staff and ensure that taxpayers get value for money.

“Supply staff play a valuable role in providing schools with the cover they need, but it is important for children to have consistency in their learning.”

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VIDEO: Policeman hit by petrol bomb in Greece

A police officer in Athens was hit with a petrol bomb as more than thirty thousand protesters marched through the streets.

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Dictator dominoes

North Korea leader Kim Jong Il, left, walks by his son Kim Jong Un on the balcony as they attend a massive military parade in Pyongyang, North Korea, 10 October 2010The total control by North Korea’s leaders ensures that news of the unrest in the Arab world is not likely to reach their citizens.
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It has swept across the other side of the world, starting on 17 December when an angry, unemployed man set fire to himself after police stopped him selling vegetables on the streets.

First Tunisia. Then Egypt. And Iran, Yemen, Jordan, Bahrain, Algeria, Morocco and now – most bloodily, it is feared – Libya. Revolution in some; protests or civil uprisings in others.

Characteristics common to many of those countries include autocratic leaders who have held power for decades; political repression; and the harsh economic reality for millions of people who must feed a family with either no job or one that pays very little, while a privileged elite lives in luxury.

And that is a pretty accurate description of North Korea too. So could the upheaval of the old orders spread more than 5,000 miles to this secretive, totalitarian state?

North Korea is dominated by the Dear Leader Kim Jong-il, who inherited the role from his father, Kim Il-sung, who is still revered as the Eternal President. The next generation of the Kim family is even now being groomed to take this dynasty into its sixth decade.

Dissent is not tolerated. The tens (possibly hundreds) of thousands of political prisoners thought to be languishing in prison camps are testament to that.

And, except the military and the hierarchy of the Workers Party, most people struggle to put food on the table.

North Korean propaganda village of Gijungdong, seen from South Korea's Taesungdong freedom village, 16 February 2011As good as it gets: this is the North Korean propaganda village of Gijungdong

Tales of people scavenging for weeds to cook when shortages are most acute are not an exaggeration, according to those who have escaped.

The World Food Programme is currently there assessing the situation today.

So you might think North Korea is ripe for revolution. But could it happen?

Today one newspaper in South Korea quoted sources from the North saying small pockets of unrest are appearing there. Scores of people fashioned makeshift megaphones, it wrote, and shouted demands for rice and electricity.

And a Japanese news agency suggests that the Pyongyang government has suspended the rental of mobile phones by the few foreign visitors for fear of information about the Middle East uprisings seeping into this secretive state.

With so little information coming out of North Korea, it is almost impossible to verify these reports. But an uprising along the lines of some Arab countries in North Korea? Unlikely.

“I believe the North Korean people have yet to learn of the facts,” says Hyun In-taek, the South Korean minister with lead responsibility for relations with the North, referring to recent events in the Middle East.

“The North’s television does not report on them and the people can’t use the Internet.”

No Facebook forums for protesters. No Al Jazeera rolling news showing compelling images of street protests as country after country convulses in a broad domino effect.

Instead, North Korean state TV broadcasts martial music, diatribes against the West and details of Mr Kim’s latest visit to a factory or farm.

South Korean activists release huge balloons carrying anti-North Korea leaflets at Imjingak peace park in Paju near the heavily fortified frontier on 16 February 2011Some South Koreans use balloons to send messages to those in the north

But there are leakages, with some North Koreans crossing illegally back and forth over the border with China, and the illegal reception of some foreign TV and radio – a risky business in itself.

Opponents of the regime based here in South Korea regularly launch balloons near the heavily fortified border which scatter anti-Kim propaganda as they float into the skies above the North. Although any North Koreans caught in possession of such material face severe punishment.

In a country which has for years relied on citizens informing on each other, it would be a brave – perhaps reckless – person who attempted to spread word of the protests in the Arab world, or even try to replicate them in North Korea.

It has the largest number of military personnel per head of population in the world. So, as we have seen in many Middle Eastern countries, their loyalty to Kim would be key.

There are reports that even they may be starting to go hungry as food supplies are depleted.

But is this debate fantasy or reality?

Since the end of the Korean War in 1953, various experts on the North have been predicting it would collapse. It has not.

At present there are no signs that what is happening across North Africa and the Middle East makes that any more likely.

Repressive their old regimes may be – or have been – but not as bad as North Korea’s.

And yet just months ago, predictions of uprisings throughout the Arab world might have seemed far-fetched to many.

So, not fantasy perhaps. But still very unlikely.

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More women in boardroom demanded

Karren BradyWest Ham’s vice chairman Karren Brady is a rare woman at the top of business

Firms are expected to be told to almost double the number of women on boards by 2013 or face government measures.

Former minister Lord Davies of Abersoch will urge FTSE 350 companies to boost the number of women at the board table to 20% by 2013 and 25% by 2015.

But he is expected to stop short of imposing quotas, unless the voluntary measures fail.

The Chartered Management Institute (CMI) said the news would be welcomed by “nervous businesses”.

“The news that companies will not be forced to promote female workers to the boardroom by quota will be widely welcomed by nervous businesses,” CMI chief executive Ruth Spellman added.

“However, a concerted effort still needs to be made to use female talent, otherwise companies will be missing out on a vast array of talent at their disposal.”

Diverse talent pool

As well as calling for greater female representation at the top of the corporate ladder the Lord Davies report is expected to ask headhunters and shareholders to sign up to a code of conduct to increase the number of women on candidate lists.

Reports also suggest that Lord Davies will call on chairmen not to use recruitment firms that refuse to produce figures on the number of women they place on boards.

“Business will only reflect and serve the needs of the society we live in if we push chairmen to change their hiring criteria and hire more women onto their boards”

Viewpoint: Boardroom diversity is a must for firms

Other measures expected to be put forward include a call for more women to be promoted to executive committees to ensure there is a more diverse talent pool for companies to recruit female non-executive directors from.

“There is a business case, not just an equality case, for better diversity in the boardrooms of UK Plc,” said Hay Group’s UK managing director, Lesley Wilkin.

“Simply put, a diverse leadership team is a more effective leadership team.”

‘Comply or explain’

Media reports have also suggested that Lord Davies could call for companies to adopt a “comply or explain” approach, which would encourage companies to publish their own targets, and comply with them or explain to shareholders why they have not done so.

Currently a total of 113 women hold 135 FTSE 100 directorships – just over one per firm.

The most recent report from the Cranfield School of Management on female representation in the boardroom found that in 2009 women made up only 12.2% of directors of the FTSE 100 companies in 2009.

FTSE 250 companies have an even lower proportion of female directors at 7.3%, and nearly half of them do not have any women in the boardroom.

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Poulter & Woods exit Match Play

England’s Ian Poulter loses to Stewart Cink to become the first defending champion in nine years to go out in the first round of the WGC Match Play Championship.

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VIDEO: British Gas set for record profits

British Gas is set to announce record profits tomorrow for the second year in a row, adding to the expected £2bn profits of its parent company Centrica

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