Catching the eye

 
Magazine feature

It’s human nature to sometimes find a passing stranger attractive, but is it ever OK to act on it? A recent Magazine feature about the harassment of women in the street sparked a huge response. So where is the line on acceptable behaviour?

Women’s groups are campaigning to stamp out what they perceive to be a widespread and unsettling habit – men making comments to them in the street.

The founder of one of these groups, Hollaback!, has said remarks like “hi, gorgeous” and “come over here, love” made women feel uncomfortable, and should be challenged.

In response to the Magazine article on the subject, many female and male readers echoed this sentiment, although some women said they enjoyed some forms of attention and it was good for their self-confidence.

Other men said they did not believe the practice was as common as these groups suggested it was, that women were just as guilty of it, and that it was just a bit of harmless fun.

Different people have different opinions about what is acceptable. So what is acceptable for men and women to say to each other in the street?

Chivalry beats a wolf-whistle

Colin Gentry, freelance journalist who writes for men’s magazines

Colin Gentry

“Grown men know right from wrong”

Colin Gentry Journalist

From workmen hanging off building sites to City boys leering out of bars, an attractive woman can experience everything from a nudge and a wink to a more boorish request. That can make anyone feel uncomfortable, regardless of gender, if all you’re trying to do is navigate public transport and get on with your day.

When is a compliment not a compliment? Or doth the lady protest too much?

For men, it’s all rather “Me Tarzan, you Jane”. A 2009 study found that men have a far greater tendency to agree on what makes a woman attractive and, therefore, have more competition in staking their claim on the object of their affections. Another study from the same year also found that men temporarily lose their minds, so to speak, around attractive women because they are “reproductively focused”.

To put it simply, men aren’t always thinking with their brains. In the wrong situation, misplaced attention may come across as offensive.

We’re not animals and those who overstep the mark can’t fall back on the excuse that “boys will be boys”. Grown men know right from wrong. That said, what’s wrong with paying a woman who has made an effort on her appearance a compliment? It doesn’t always mean we’re looking to procreate right there on the spot.

If we are interested in getting to know a lady, the modern man has evolved to know chivalry beats a wolf-whistle down the street any day.

Be friendly, but not crude

Jeff Waters

“People should be given encouragement and guidance to express themselves confidently”

Jeff Waters News website reader

Jeff Waters, a 36-year-old reader from Lancashire who responded to the article, imagines a scenario

He walked over to the shop window she was gazing into, nervous but excited, not knowing what to say. He wanted to sound confident, but not cocky; interesting, but not too serious; lighthearted, but not superficial. In the end, he opted for what he thought was a safe, tried and tested approach.

“Hi. Do you come here often?” he asked, smiling sheepishly, as if to acknowledge his lack of originality. “Not any longer,” she said, walking off in disdain.

Was the man at fault? No. He was trying to be friendly, and acted with good intentions. Had he acted aggressively or with reckless disregard for the woman’s feelings – for example, by making a crude sexual remark – then his behaviour would have been inappropriate.

And while he took a risk, doing nothing would also have carried a risk – that of a wasted opportunity for both parties. On another occasion, with a different woman, the outcome could have been an enjoyable conversation which blossomed into something more. So while the man was unoriginal, he wasn’t unreasonable.

When you talk with a stranger, there are risks. You don’t know the other person’s sensibilities, and you have little time in which to weigh up the unfolding situation. But calculated risk-taking is the lifeblood of making things happen. Without it, you have stagnation. With it, opportunities are created.

So people should be given encouragement and guidance to express themselves confidently and effectively, rather than condemned for their mistakes.

Being approached by a stranger is an imposition

Marcelle D’Argy Smith, ex-editor of Cosmopolitan magazine

We don’t want to be talked to and we want to go around unimpeded and that’s the truth.

“You just don’t want it from a stranger”

Marcelle D’Argy Smith

The rules are so stringent that I don’t think men do it any more. They know they can’t do these things like they know they can’t smoke in pubs. If they do it any more, they are usually older men, over 50.

I used to get it. I used to dread walking past five or six men, but they are seriously reformed these days. The rules have changed.

You just don’t want it from a stranger. What on Earth makes a man say “you look lovely”?

It’s nice to be told, but I don’t know where it goes from there. What do they say? “Great hat”? “Fab arse”? It’s an imposition on your person. There’s a vulnerability about being out there.

Women on their own or with a friend would never do it to a man, although there’s no accounting for the group dynamic.

I find men in the street on the whole to be more or less respectful. But not when you’re going for their parking space.

Men who are aggressive to women are insecure

Drew Lubega

“If you do or say anything that you’d take offence at if it were your mother on the receiving end then you’ve definitely gone too far”

Drew Lubega AskMen, UK

Drew Lubega, UK editor of AskMen

Let’s get this straight from the start – there’s no such thing as a woman (single or not) who doesn’t actually like receiving a compliment based on the way she looks – provided it’s delivered in a genuine, respectful and unimposing manner. Any woman who tells you otherwise isn’t being honest. The reality is that women need the occasional bit of ego rubbing – it’s nourishment for their self-esteem.

Unfortunately for men though, for the majority of us, approaching a pretty woman is one of the most stressful situations that we can find ourselves in – the fear of rejection can become so overwhelming that it can translate into strange verbal outbursts or downright weird behaviour.

That’s not an excuse for rudeness though – and the truth is that there are men who still consider it’s acceptable to make derogatory remarks, or to approach aggressively – but you’ll never see these guys alone, they’ll be doing it to show off to a friend, because deep down they lack the self-assurance to hold an engaging conversation with a good-looking member of the opposite sex – which nine times out of 10 is what will really get her interest levels up.

It’s pretty clear where the line is when it comes to approaching a woman whom you find attractive – if you do or say anything that you’d take offence at if it were your mother on the receiving end then you’ve definitely gone too far. Maybe the solution to evolving the “street interaction” between the sexes is for women to be a bit braver when they see someone they like. As men, we wouldn’t take offence.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Jobs boost promised for regions

Nick CleggNick Clegg said the fund would increase opportunity across England
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Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg is promising to create or safeguard more than 100,000 jobs in England, with an investment of £450m.

The Regional Growth Fund has provisionally accepted 50 bids for support from firms and partnerships.

They include expanding a sweet factory in Wakefield, redeveloping a former eye hospital in Manchester and building a manufacturing plant in Teesside.

Labour said the coalition had choked off money for the regions and cut jobs.

The regional Growth Fund was created last year to replace the nine Regional Development Agencies which were set up by Labour but axed by the coalition.

Mr Clegg, who is launching the fund in Manchester, said 27,000 jobs would be directly created or safeguarded with the £450m investment, with tens of thousands of others supported in associated supply chains.

“ The Tory-led government is choking off the funding needed for regions to grow and create the jobs our economy needs”

John Denham Shadow business secretary

Mr Clegg said: “I was bowled over by the quality of the bids. This money will now help create and safeguard jobs in some of the communities worst hit by the economic downturn.

“Today is a step towards rebalancing our economy away from an unhealthy over-reliance on a small number of industries and a few areas. We need to spread opportunity across the whole country, drawing on our many talents.

“I know that with the right support these businesses can work with their communities and together play their part in leading the country back into prosperity.”

The rest of the growth fund, which adds up to £1.4bn in total, will be allocated later following a second round of bids, which opened on Tuesday.

For Labour, shadow business secretary John Denham said: “By cutting funding for regional growth by two thirds the Tory-led government is choking off the funding needed for regions to grow and create the jobs our economy needs.

“The government is allocating £1.4bn over three years to projects, two thirds less than the £1.4bn a year Labour were investing through the RDAs alone.

“The desire to cut too far and too fast has caused growth to be revised down and the unemployment forecast to rise, all while government is holding back support for businesses looking for investment which will help regions to create jobs and ease reliance on the public sector.

“There are more losers than winners with today’s announcement.”

Mr Denham said Labour would have added an extra £200m to the funding announced on Tuesday through a repeat of the bankers bonus tax, as a “quick but effective way of supporting growth and creating jobs”.

The Regional Growth Fund was praised by the Engineering Employers Federation as a “welcome focus on supporting investment in research and development and backing high quality jobs in growing manufacturing sectors”.

And the Carbon Trust said it had received £1.9m from the fund, to be spent on energy efficiency projects and the creation of 3,000 jobs.

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Two held over teens’ ‘gas deaths’

Neil McFerran and Aaron DavidsonNeil McFerran and Aaron Davidson died from suspected carbon monoxide poisoning

Two men are being questioned about the deaths of two teenagers from suspected carbon monoxide poisoning.

Aaron Davidson and Neil McFerran, both 18, from Newtownabbey died at a holiday apartment in Castlerock last August.

Detectives in Coleraine are questioning the men – aged 40 and 49 years – about the deaths.

The two friends had been staying at the apartment near Coleraine with a third friend, Matthew Gaw, who survived.

The three friends were found by relatives.

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Byrne settles election song case

David ByrneByrne said the settlement had made him feel “very manly”

Singer David Byrne has reached a legal settlement with Florida’s ex-governor over the unauthorised use of a Talking Heads song in an election campaign.

Byrne had sued Charlie Crist after Road to Nowhere featured in a YouTube video attacking Marco Rubio, Crist’s opponent in last year’s US Senate race.

Byrne said he was one of a few artists with “the bucks and guts to challenge such usage”.

On Monday Crist put a video on YouTube in which he apologised to the singer.

“Should there be any future election campaigns for me, I will respect and uphold the rights of artists and obtain permission or a licence for the use of any copyrighted work,” he said in the video.

Byrne had originally sued Crist for $1m (£613,000). The full terms of the settlement have not been released.

“”Other artists may actually have the anger but not want to take the time and risk the legal bills. I am lucky that I can do that”

David Byrne

In a statement, Crist said he had met Byrne last week to discuss the case and that the 58-year-old “couldn’t have been a better guy”.

“As I told him, I was sorry it ever happened at all,” he added. “He couldn’t have been more of a gentleman about it.”

Scottish-born Byrne said he was feeling “very manly” after his trip to Tampa to meet Mr Crist.

“Other artists may actually have the anger but not want to take the time and risk the legal bills,” he said. “I am lucky that I can do that.”

He said that by standing up for his rights as a composer, the unauthorised use of songs in political campaigns could be “made to be a less common option or, better yet, an option that is never taken in the future”.

Road to Nowhere, a number six hit single in the UK that failed to chart in the US, featured on the band’s 1985 album Little Creatures.

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Crown to appeal police acquittal

Tom ForresterCh Insp Tom Forrester was cleared at Aberdeen Sheriff Court last year
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The Crown is to appeal the acquittal of the former head of road policing for Grampian on dangerous driving allegations.

Ch Insp Tom Forrester was cleared at Aberdeen Sheriff Court last year.

It was claimed he had encouraged a colleague to drive dangerously in an unmarked police car with the siren and lights activated.

The vehicle they were travelling in was involved in a collision on the way to Aberdeen Airport in November 2008.

The crash happened on the B977 Belhelvie to Dyce road in Aberdeenshire.

The trial heard how Ch Insp Forrester and another colleague, Insp James Wood, were running late for a flight to Birmingham to attend a conference.

Ch Insp Forrester was further charged with violating the trust and duty of the force by failing to report the incident.

But Sheriff Kenneth Stewart cleared him of both charges.

Pc Ashley Forbes was found guilty of careless driving and failing to stop, but was given an absolute discharge.

The grounds of the Crown’s appeal have not yet been made public.

Three judges will hear the appeal in Edinburgh next month.

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Two US soldiers ‘killed by drone’

File picture of US soldier on patrol in the main bazaar in SanginThe US has focused on regaining control of territory from Taliban insurgents in Helmand

A drone missile strike is suspected of killing two US soldiers by mistake in southern Afghanistan last week, US military officials have said.

The apparent case of “friendly fire” is being investigated – if it is confirmed it would be a rare instance of pilotless aircraft killing US forces.

The incident took place in Helmand province where US-led troops are trying to push back Taliban insurgents.

US drones frequently target suspected militants in Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Critics say hundreds of civilians have also been killed in such strikes in recent years.

The two US soldiers who lost their lives – sergeant Jeremy Smith, 26, and seaman Benjamin Rast, 23 – were part of a unit sent to reinforce marines coming under heavy fire from insurgents outside the town of Sangin, US network NBC News, which first reported the incident, said.

The marines, who were watching a video feed from the armed Predator drone overhead, saw infrared images moving towards them on the feed and may have concluded that those were insurgents instead of fellow marines, NBC reported.

The Pentagon has yet to comment on the deaths, saying they are being investigated.

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Drug wastage costing NHS millions

MedicinesHalf of all medicines wastage is unnecessary, according to official figures
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Action is needed to stop the “sheer madness” which is leading to millions of pounds being wasted on unused medicines, nurses say.

Delegates at the Royal College of Nursing conference in Liverpool said it was heart-breaking to see piles and piles of medicines going to waste.

They described cases where cupboards full of out-of-date medicines had been found in patients’ homes.

They said people needed to be warned about the issue.

Black bin liners full of unopened boxes have been found while medicines are also thrown down the toilet or put in the bin.

Nurses proposed clearly labelling medicines with the details of how much they actually cost as well as handing out leaflets to patients about not getting repeat prescriptions if they were not using them.

“It breaks my heart to see this kind of waste”

Susan Smith, a palliative care nurse

They also suggested unused medicines that are returned to pharmacies could be repackaged and made available again – at the moment any returned drugs have to be disposed of.

About £300m of medicines are wasted each year in England, half of which is unnecessary, a Department of Health study found last year. If the rest of the UK is taken into account the figure is closer to £400m.

Christine Thomas, a community nurse in Swansea, described finding out-of-date medicines piled up in the houses of patients she cared for, saying the situation was “sheer madness”.

She also gave the example of a obese patient who kept re-ordering slimming pills, but refused to take them because they ruined her appetite.

She added: “This is a significant problem. It needs significant commitment and motivation to resolve it.”

John Hill, who described how he had seen a patient brought into to A&E with four carrier bags full of unused medicines, said: “We need to tighten up the safeguards. We need to stop all this waste.”

And Susan Smith, a palliative care nurse, said: “It breaks my heart to see this kind of waste.”

She said the key was for nurses and other NHS staff to regularly review the medicines patients were on.

But as well as being related to patients getting repeat prescriptions when they do not need them, medicines wastage is also caused by people not taking their drugs as they should.

Bj Waltho, a nurse from East Dorset, said this was worrying as it was leading to a large number of emergency admissions.

And she said in an era where the NHS was being asked to save money, tackling this issue could be a “real quick win”.

A spokesman for the Department of Health said: “We are aware of these concerns and have been clear that the NHS must find ways of making savings to free up resources for frontline care.

“Reducing wasted prescriptions is a way of working more efficiently. Wastage of medicines in primary and community care in the NHS is not a systemic problem and the NHS is making greater efforts to reduce the amount of medicines wasted than ever before.”

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Retail sales ‘suffer worst fall’

Shoppers on the High StreetMost sales categories saw a decline in March

The struggling UK High Street suffered another blow when the British Retail Consortium (BRC) recorded its worst fall in sales since records began.

The BRC said total sales in March were down 1.9% on a year ago, although the early timing of Easter last year had an effect on the figures.

But the BRC said shoppers did not want to spend “unless they really had to”.

Footwear was the only growth sector, as food and drink, clothing, homeware, electrical, and others all fell.

Meanwhile, like-for-like sales were down 3.5%, in their worst showing in nearly six years.

Internet sales, which have been defying the general downward trend, showed their slowest growth since records began in 2008.

Recording of High Street sales figures began two years earlier.

Internet sales were 7.5% higher than a year ago, much weaker than the 10.4% in February.

Clothes and book sales suffered their largest declines since 2009 and 2005 respectively.

“Falling disposable incomes and the fear of worse to come means people don’t want to spend”

Stephen Robertson BRC director general

“We have seen an emergence of new, lower spending patterns since the middle of January, which are currently continuing to trend downwards,” said Helen Dickinson, head of retail at survey partner KPMG.

“Many retailers will not be able to sustain this ongoing weakness in demand beyond the short-term and are hoping for some good news around the extended bank holiday period and a feel-good factor driven by the royal wedding.”

There has been a string of gloomy outlooks recently from the likes of Next, Mothercare, HMV, Currys and PC World parent Dixons Retail.

The BRC pointed out that “uncomfortably high inflation and low wage growth have produced the first year-on-year fall in disposable incomes for 30 years”.

“Falling disposable incomes and the fear of worse to come means people don’t want to spend,” added BRC director general Stephen Robertson.

“There’s only so much discounts and promotions can do to overcome that.”

This article is from the BBC News website. © British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Penguins ‘hit by krill decline’

Chinstrap penguins (Image: BBC)The study suggests krill availability affects the population trends of penguins, such as chinstraps
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A number of penguin species found in western Antarctica are declining as a result of a fall in the availability of krill, a study has suggested.

Researchers, examining 30 years of data, said chinstrap and Adelie penguin numbers had been falling since 1986.

Warming waters, less sea-ice cover and more whale and seal numbers was cited as reducing the abundance of krill, the main food source for the penguins.

The findings appear in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a shrimp-like creature that reach lengths of about 6cm (2in) and is considered to be one of the most abundant species on the planet, being found in densities of up to 30,000 creatures in a cubic-metre of seawater.

It is also one of the key species in the ecosystems in and around Antarctica, as it is the dominant prey of nearly all vertebrates in the region, including chinstrap and Adelie penguins.

Warming to change

In their paper, a US team of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography said a number of factors were combining to change the shape of the area’s environment.

Location of Scotia Sea (Image: BBC)

“The West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and adjacent Scotia Sea support abundant wildlife populations, many of which were nearly [wiped out] by humans,” they wrote.

“This region is also among the fastest warming areas on the planet, with 5-6C increases in mean winter air temperatures and associated decreases in winter sea-ice cover.”

They added that analysis of data gathered during 30 years of field studies, and recent penguin surveys, challenged a leading scientific idea, known as the “sea-ice hypothesis”, about how the region’s ecosystems was changing.

“(It) proposes that reductions in winter sea-ice have led directly to declines in ‘ice-loving’ species by decreasing their winter habitat, while populations of ‘ice-avoiding’ species have increased,” they explained.

However, they said that there findings showed that since the mid 1980s there had been a decline in both ice-loving Adelies (Pygoscelis adeliae) and ice-avoiding chinstraps (Pygoscelis antarctica), with both populations falling by up to 50%.

As a result, the researchers favoured a “more robust” hypothesis that penguin population numbers were linked to changes in the abundance of their main food source, krill.

“Linking trends in penguin abundance with trends in krill biomass explains why populations of Adelie and chinstrap penguins increased after competitors (fur seals, baleen whales and some fish) were nearly extirpated in the 19th to mid-20th Centuries, and currently are decreasing in response to climate change,” they wrote.

The team said that it was estimated that there was in the region of 150 million tonnes of krill for predators after the global hunting era depleted the world’s whale population.

During this period, data shows that there was a five-fold increase in chinstrap and Adelie numbers at breeding sites from the 1930s to the 1970s, they reported.

“The large populations of Adelie and chinstrap penguins were not sustained for long, however, and are now declining precipitously.”

They added that this was happening as rising temperatures and decreases in sea-ice was altering the physical conditions required to sustain large krill populations.

“We hypothesise that the amount of krill available to penguins has declined because of the increased competition from recovering whale and fur seal populations, and from bottom-up, climate-driven changes that have altered this ecosystem significantly during the past two to three decades.”

The US researchers concluded that the penguin numbers and krill abundance were likely to fall further if the warming trend in the region continued.

They wrote: “These conditions are particularly critical for chinstrap penguins because this species breeds almost exclusively in the WAP and Scotia Sea, where they have sustained declines in excess of 50% throughout their breeding range.”

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Angry Birds tops Appy Awards list

Angry Birds and Facebook are amongst the winners at a ceremony to mark the best smartphone apps in London.

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Gold rush

China’s thirst for iron ore a boon for Australia

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Concern at bowel cancer survival

Surgeons operatingLaparoscopic surgery is used to remove some bowel cancers
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The survival rate for bowel cancer surgery varies widely between hospitals, a study shows.

It is the first time the number of people dying within 30 days of an operation has been reported across England for any cancer.

Overall, 6.7% of people died after surgery, but some hospitals had much higher mortality rates, according to a report in the journal Gut.

Cancer Research UK said the situation was “worrying”.

Bowel cancer is the third most common cancer in the UK.

The outcomes of all 160,920 people who had surgery to remove a tumour between 1998 and 2006 were analysed.

The overall mortality rate in that period dropped from 6.8% to 5.8%.

Looking at data for the last three years of the study, five hospital trusts had significantly higher death rates and three had significantly lower ones.

The proportion of patients dying within a month of surgery ranged from 15.6% at Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust to 1.7% at Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

Hospital trusts with significantly higher death rates for 2003 to 2006Burton Hospitals – 15.6%The Whittington Hospital – 13.1%The Rotherham – 11.2%Northampton General Hospital – 10.5%Colchester Hospital University – 10.4%

Preliminary data suggests the five hospitals which appeared to perform poorly had all improved by 2008, by when they all had achieved mortality rates close to the average.

Consultant surgeon at Burton Hospitals Trust, James Eccersley, said: “The Trust is aware that constant vigilance and improvement has reduced our mortality rate after surgery. We always strive to take on board new innovations to make surgery even safer.”

The explanation for the variation remains unclear.

Professor Paul Finan, from Leeds General Infirmary, said possible reasons included: “the degree of surgical specialisation, how guidelines were followed, the quality of high-dependency units (after-care surgery), anaesthetic services and whether the surgery was laparoscopic, which is less invasive.”

In heart surgery, outcomes improved significantly after death rates were published. By finding out what more successful hospitals do differently, it is hoped bowel cancer care can be improved across the country.

Factors affecting death ratesAge of patient

Under 50: 1%

Over 80: 15%

Tumour progression

Early stage: 4%

Most advanced: 10%

Patient’s economic background

Most affluent: 5.7%

Most deprived: 7.8%

Professor Philip Quirke, consultant pathologist at the University of Leeds, said: “In the past there’s not been enough emphasis on routine clinical practice. We can learn a lot, especially from the best. Why are they so good?”

The government’s national cancer director, Sir Mike Richards, wants statistics to become available for other cancers.

He said: “It’s taken time to get this far, but we’ve demonstrated this as a proof of principle and are working out how to do the same with other cancers.”

It is difficult to make international comparisons as other countries do not have data on a full national scale.

Studies in Scandinavia, Canada and the US have shown mortality rates between 2.7% and 5.7%. However, researchers cautioned against making direct comparisons.

Mark Flannagan, chief executive of Beating Bowel Cancer, said: “This study shows worrying variations in bowel cancer survival that need to be addressed.

“Bowel cancer is the UK’s second-biggest cancer killer, yet there are still significant inequalities in survival which need to be better understood before they can be tackled.”

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Japanese heighten nuclear level

Japan raises the severity measure of its nuclear crisis to the highest level, but says radiation leakage is a tenth of that from the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.

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