Using the user’s selected date format in a Razor page

I have a Razor page that takes dates as input and displays the dates that have been entered in a table.

To input the date, I use <input type="date" /> which MDN states:

The displayed date format will differ from the actual value — the displayed date is formatted based on the locale of the user’s browser, but the parsed value is always formatted yyyy-MM-dd.

This works as described, showing the date in the User’s choice date format. I can even change my Windows settings, reload the page, and see what I set it to.

The trouble comes from trying to convert the yyyy-MM-dd dates I have stored to the user selected format.

I have tried managing the display format at the server with C# date.ToShortDateString() which looked right on localhost, but displayed the CultureInfo from the server when I deployed to Dev.

I have also tried managing the display format as a last step with JavaScript date.toLocaleDateString() which seems to just pick the standard MM/dd/yyyy for en-US.

This is 2023, the browser knows what the user has selected, it is using with the <input>. How can I format my dates the same? (Preferably without extra libraries that are no longer supported.)