How would I go about splitting a string into characters – Javascript

I want to split a string, such as this:

"Hello %id:1%, how are you %id:2% etc...",

but “%id:Int%” should not be split:

const test = [
  "%id:1%",
  "%id:2%",
  "%id:3%"
]

let str = "test %id:1%!";
str = str.split("");
// wanted result: ["t", "e", "s", "t", " ", "%id:1%", "!"]; 
// actual result: ["t", "e", "s", "t", " ", "%", "i", "d", ":", "1", "%", "!"]

This would take anything from the “test” array and not split it with every sepparate character.